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i SB The integrated building process Information structures Facilitate for an uncomplicated and efficiant transfer of information between actors and processes and phases during the building process and through the whole life cycle of the building or the civil engineering work Kjell Ivar Bakkmoen, Sector manager Norwegian council for building standardization (NBR) Wednesday, 24 1 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries • Started as a review of the existing classification tables. • Starting point: • Need for structuring of information in the facility management phase - life cycle thinking • Need for reuse of information from the construction phase to the management phase • Parallell with participation in ISO, ICIS, IAI etc. Wednesday, 24 2 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries ”Physical” tables: NS 3451 Building elements table NS 3457 Building type table NS 3420 Specification texts for building and civil engineering NS 3421 Specification texts for installations Other tables: NS 3454 Life cycle costs NS 3455 Building functions NS 3940 Calculation of area and volume - relation to Type of area/space Type of rooms Localization Wednesday, 24 3 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries 2 BUILDING 21 Foundations 22 Structures 23 Outer walls 231 Primæry construction 233 Windows, doors etc. 233.x Outer doors 235 Cladding and surface 233.y Outer windows 24 Inner walls 241 Primæry construction 243 Windows, doors etc. 243.x Inner doors 245 Cladding and surface 243.y Inner windows 25 Floors Door in building elements classification (NS 3451) Wednesday, 24 4 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries R6 Doors, gates R61 Doors R61.1 Inner door R62 Industry gates R61.2 Outer door R63 Garage doors R61.3 Entrance door R61.4 Sliding doors Door in work section classification (NS 3420) 15 Wood.article interior 15/10 Bathroom panels 15/20/000 Inner doors 15/20/100 Out. doors 15/20 Doors 15/20/230 Slid. doors 15/24 Windows 15/20/420 Entr. doors Door in product classification (NOBB 1995) Wednesday, 24 5 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries • Classification tables are built on static hierarchies normally made for a special and limited purpose • No connection between the different tables • Does not establish a common understanding of all built objects • Does not necessarily function for new purposes • Not computer sensible • Does not cover everything, especially regarding properties • Conservative - experiences are connected to the existing tables Wednesday, 24 6 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries Actors Producer, importer, consultants, contractor, user, FM personal informationsuppliers, software companies authorities Stages Idea, brief, planning, execution production, use, operating, outphasing demolishing renovation Aspects Economy, logistic timing, guaranties, health, environment, security, FM, maintenance performance, properties permits, sertificates reuse, depony Factors influencing the need for information Wednesday, 24 7 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries Hinge Door set Door Door frame Hardware Lock Opphengsbeslag Dør Dørblad Karm Vrider / skilt Låsbeslag Singular understanding of the concept doorset, door, door frame (door is_part_of doorset, door frame is_part_of doorset) Wednesday, 24 8 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries Wall Compact wall Opening in wall Door Doorleaf Window Door frame Hinge Furring Locking Door split as physical parts Wednesday, 24 9 Canals/ducts Karmlist Hardware From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries A Fire safety system AA Fire escape AAA Doors AAB Corridors AB Fire wall AAC Stairs AC Fire alarm AAD Exit Door in functional system (example) X Cleaning XX Surfaces building XXX Doors XXY Floor XXZ Wall XY Surfaces interior XXÆ Roof Door in maintenance (example)) Wednesday, 24 1 XZ Equipment From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries Properties /Property classes Fire rating class B15 B30 B60 Sound class B120 Insulation class B240 Fire rating classes in a property structure Width Modular width 7M 8M 9M Nominal width 10M Production width 12M Modular ”width”classes in a property structure is_part_of has_parts is_type_of has_types Example of simple relations / associations Wednesday, 24 1 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries 24 Inner wall 243 Windows, doors 243.y Inner doors R6 Doors, gates R61 Doors R61.1 Inner doors 15 Wood.articles interior 15/20 Doors 15/20/000 Inner doors Wall Opening in wall Door A Fire safety system AB Fire escape ABA Doors X Cleaning XX Surfaces building XXX Doors Property classes Fire rating class B60 Width Modular width 10M The object door with properties and in relation to building elements, work sections, products, functional systems and operating functions Wednesday, 24 1 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries 243.y Inner door is_type_of is_type_of 243 Windows, doors 24 Inner wall R61.1 Inner door is_type_of R61 Doors is_type_of 15/20/000 Inner doors 15/20 Doors Wednesday, 24 1 is_type_of R6 Doors, gates is_type_of 15 Wood.articles interior Door is_part_of Opening in wall is_part_of Wall ABA Doors is_part_of AB Fire escape is_part_of A Fire safety system XXX Doors is_part_of is_part_of XX Surfaces building X Cleaning B60 is_type_of Fire rating class is_type_of Property classes 10M is_type_of Modular width is_type_of Width The object door with properties and in relation to building elements, work sections, products, functional systems and operating functions From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries • We need a computer sensible library of all built objects • We need a framework for object oriented information where all those information elements are referenced to each other - integrated • A development towards an electronic model which will contain all information from “bubble” to grave. • Project documents will be snapshots of this model at a given time • A parallel movement among people engaged in structuring of information • • • • • Wednesday, 24 1 ISO/TC 59/SC 13 (+ SC 14, SC 15) ISO/TC 10/SC 8 Construction Documentation IAI International Alliance for Interoperability ICIS International Construction Information Society ISO/TC 184/SC 4 STEP From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries • Cover all stages (same actors, need for common/similar environment) • • • • • • • Brief Bubble diagrams Drawings Specifications Calculation Maintenance manuals Information for demolishing • Cover all kinds of building and civil engineering projects • • • • • • • Wednesday, 24 1 Furniture Buildings Roads Railroads Runways etc. Require that all information is connected to well known, commonly agreed objects with established/ defined relations, and that everybody refer to the objects in the same way. Common object/class/reference library? Different words for the same child?? vocabulary terminology lexicon lexis repository glossary dictionary classification ontology taxonomy hierarchy ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) of common terms for (built objects (building parts (construction objects and (properties (attributes (roles\ (relations Objects library, Parts library, Class library, Reference data library, Machine readable dictionary, Basic Semantic Unit (STEP Parts Lib), Data Element Type (DET IEC 61360) ? Wednesday, 24 1 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries Bygg- og AnleggsReferanseBIbliotek – BARBI Common terminology Specialized view Traditional classification tables Terms according to concept Wednesday, 24 1 Reference library Terms according to relation for example door is_part_of Specialized view Object model Terms according to concept Architect Civil Engineer Structural Engineer Building Owner Contractor Constr. Manager Facilities Manager HVAC Engineer Wednesday, 24 1 Architect Civil Engineer Building Owner Structural Engineer SHARED PROJECT MODEL Constr. Manager Facilities Manager HVAC Engineer Wednesday, 24 1 Contractor Architect Civil Engineer Structural Engineer Architect modeller Engineer modeller Building Owner Owner browser SHARED PROJECT MODEL Constr. Manager Facilities Manager HVAC Engineer Wednesday, 24 2 Contractor Contractor tool Office library Architect library Building Owner Owner browser Architect Engineer library Structural Engineer Architect modeller Engineer modeller SHARED PROJECT MODEL Contractor Contractor tool Cost catalogue Product catalogue (NOBB) Wednesday, 24 2 Best solutions (NBI) Wednesday, 24 2 External reference (information) data (EN ISO etc.) Wednesday, 24 2 From classification tables to object/class/reference libraries 1 Study Find out what has been done Understand principles for product modelling Understand different product models Understand the evolution which has been going on (Avoid doing things twice) 2 Testing and developing Test the most promising existing solutions with a typical built object (The wall test case) Test their ability to changes Do necessary changes and development 3 Conclusions Wednesday, 24 2