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Integumentary System Outline Health Occ Integumentary System Composed of Skin Accessory structures Accessory structures include hair Nails Glands nerves Integumentary System Main Functions Cover and protect the body Help regulate the body’s temperature Excretes some of the body’s waste materials Includes sensors for pain and sensation Skin Functions Protects the body from injury protects the body from the intrusion of harmful microorganisms Protects the body from the ultraviolet (UV) rays of the sun helps to maintain proper internal temperature of the body Serves as a site for excretion of waste through perspiration serves as an important sensory organ Skin Covers 17 to 20 square feet Variations of Thickness 1/50 inch to ¼ inch thick The skin on the back upper back is 10 times thicker than the skin on the eyelid Skin Layers of the skin and what they are composed of Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous Epidermis Outer layer of skin 2 sub layers: stratum corneum, stratum germinativum Dead skin cells, melanin, 90% water repellant Dermis Makes ridges known as fingerprints Blood vessels, nerve endings, sebaceous and sweat glands, hair follicles Subcutaneous Fatty and fibrous tissue, blood vessels and nerves Fatty layer protects inner organs and maintains body temp. Hair Pilus Where you do/don’t have hair Hair All areas except soles of feet and palms Visible Portion shaft Hair The root Oil glands Attached to each hair Melanin follicle Determines hair color No melanin = gray hair Baldness (alopecia) Heredity, result of disease, injury, or medical treatment Glands Three types of glands Sebaceous Sudoriferous ceruminous Sebaceous Dermis, base of hair follicles Secrete sebum Lubricates, softens, and protects skin from bacteria and fungi Sudoriferous (sweat glands) Found almost everywhere Cools the body Diaphoresis = sweating Ceruminous Found in the auditory canal of ear Secrete wax Protects ear from infection Nails Function Formed from Protection Help with grasping objects Allow us to scratch Hard keratin Lunula Crescent shaped white area