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Nervous System
Thinking Questions
Explain how the sense of
smell relates to the sense of
taste in identifying a food
such as chocolate.
Explain how the sense of smell
relates to the sense of taste in
identifying a food such as
chocolate .
When saliva in your mouth mixes with
the chocolate, odors travel up
through the nose to the throat, and
the olfactory cells are stimulated.
What is the main function of the
peripheral nervous system?
What is the main function of the
peripheral nervous system?
To connect the central nervous
system, or brain and spinal cord,
with all parts of the body
Identify the following sensory
receptors listed as part of the ear,
eye, tongue, or nose: retina,
cochlea, eardrum, olfactory cells,
cones, rods, taste buds.
ear: cochlea, eardrum
eye: retina, rods, cones
tongue: taste buds
nose: olfactory cells
If neurons don't touch each
other, how do they transmit
impulses to each other?
When an impulse reaches the
end of an axon in one neuron, the
axon releases a chemical that
flows across a space between
two neurons called a synapse.
The chemical relays the impulse
to the dendrite of the next neuron.
Explain how the eardrum
aids hearing.
Sound waves cause the eardrum
to vibrate. These vibrations then
move through the hammer, anvil,
and stirrup, and then on to the
cochlea, where impulses are sent
to the brain. The sounds vary
according to the vibration.
You go to a doctor for a
checkup. He or she uses a
rubber hammer to hit your knee.
Your leg jumps when the doctor
hits it. Trace the path the
sensory information followed
when the doctor hit your knee.
The sensory neurons in your
knee sent impulses to the
interneurons in the spinal cord.
The interneurons relayed an
impulse to the motor neurons.
The motor neurons transmitted
a message to the muscles in
your leg, and your leg moved.
Why is it an advantage to
you to have reflexes?
Reflexes allow you to respond
without having to think about
it. They protect you from
harm.
Use numbers to order the steps that occur when you
run an iron over your hand accidentally.
______
You aren't paying attention when you
run the iron over your hand.
______
Muscles of your hand contract,
responding to the impulses.
______
Interneurons relay impulses to motor
neurons.
______
Motor neurons relay impulses to
muscles of your hand.
______
Sensory neurons in your hand send
messages to interneurons.
______
You pull your hand away from the iron
and scream
.
1, 5, 3, 4, 2, 6