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What?
 Verbs are reflexive when the subject receives the action of the verb,
in English we say “self or selves”
 Reflexive Pronouns are:
Me
Nos
Te
Os
Se
Se
When do we use them?
 Reflexive verbs describe daily routines
 Some Common Reflexives:
Ducharse
Despertarse
Levantarse
Vestirse
Examples:
Me ducho cada día.
Se levanta a las seis.
Te despiertas a las diez.
Se visten cada dia.
I shower every day.
She gets up at 6.
You go to bed at 10.
They get dressed everyday
*Others describe a physical or emotional state
Some Common Reflexives:
Divertirse
sentirse
Examples:
Me divertí mucho.
I enjoyed myself.
Se siente fatal.
She feels awful.
*Some describe a change of state and carry the additional meaning
of “to get” or “to become”
Some Common Reflexives:
Enojarse
aburrirse
Ponerse
cansarse
Examples:
Me aburro mucho.
Te cansas.
Se puso enojado.
Nos enojamos.
I became very bored.
You became tired.
He became angry.
We became angry.
Reflexive verbs that change meaning:
Irse-to leave
Parecerse-to look like
 Quitarse-to take off
Perderse-to get lost
Dormirse-to fall asleep
Quedarse-to stay
Volverse-to become
Verbs that are always reflexive:
Darse cuenta de-to realize
Quejarse-to complain
Portarse bien-to behave
Reflexive pronouns in reciprocal actions:
Reflexive pronouns in reciprocal actions:
To indicate what people do to or for each other use “nos” and
“se” before the first person and first person plural of the verb
Mi hermana y yo nos hablamos cada dia.
Alfonso y Jefe se pelean mucho.
You may place the reflexive pronoun before the conjugated verb
or attached to the infinitive or participle in a verbal phrase.
Vamos a vernosmañana.
Nos vamos a ver mañana.
Marisa y Paulo estaban abrazándose .
Marisa y Paula se estaban abrazando.
**DO NOT FORGET TO CHACHACHA**

(place the accent on the third to last syllable
when you add the pronoun to a present
participle)
Examples:
Abrazarse
Ayudarse
Contarse
verse
hablarse
comprenderse
escribirse
besarse
leerse
llamarse
entenderse
pelearse
saludars
conocerse
llevarse
 El fin. Ahora vamos a practicar!
Reciprocal Verbs
The “each other” verbs- or verbs
that you do to each other
How to use them
The Nosotros, Vosotros and Ellos form can be used to express
reciprocals
 You use the reflexive pronouns before like nos, os or se
 Sometimes verbs are reciprocal and reflexive (in this case you can use
“El uno al otro” or “Uno a otro” to emphasize)

Common Verbs
Abrazarse
 Encontrarse
Besarse
 Conocerse
Verse
Saludarse
 Ayudarse
 Mirarse
Examples

Nosotras nos ayudamos.


Nosotras nos ayudamos una a otra


We help each other.
Ellos se mataron.


We help ourselves.
They killed themselves.
Ellos se mataron los unos a los otros.

They killed each other.
Your Turn

We need each other.
Nosotros nos necesitamos (la una a laotra).

They saw each other.
Ellos se vieron

We met each other.
Nosotros nos conocimos/encontramos (la una a la otra).

They hugged each other.
Ellos se abrazaron

We kissed each other.
Nosotros nos besamos
El Subjuntivo con verbos
de Emoción

Para formar el subjuntivo vaya al YO quita la O y añade las
terminaciones opuestas.

Go to the YO drop the O and add the opposite endings.

Para los verbos con –ar añade “-e” o “-en”. Para los verbos con –
er/ir añade “-a” o “-an”

-AR
Cocinar – Cocino – Cocin – Cocine – Cocinen





-ER
Poner – Pongo – Pong – Ponga – Pongan
-IR
Decir – Digo – Dig – Diga – Digan
Formas Irregulares



DAR
dé Ud.
den Uds.
Estar
Esté Ud.
Estén Uds.
Ir
Vaya Ud
Vayan Uds
Ser
Sea Ud.
Sean Uds.
Saber
Sepa Ud
Sepan Uds
We use the subjunctive after verbs indicating
suggestions, desire or commands.
We also use it after verbs and impersonal phrases
indicating emotion.
Examples:
Ojalá que
temo que
tengo miedo que
Siento que
es bueno que
es triste que
Me allegro que
me molesta que
me soprende que
Es dudoso que
es importante que
es possible que
Es aconsejable
que
es necesario que
es raro que
Y muchos más….
Me molesta que mi amiga no guarde mis secretos
Es bueno que ella corra todos los días.
Es malo que llueva.
El Subjuntivo Con Verbos de Emoción
Practíca
Traduce los frases:

1.It's important that the students read their books:
Es importante que los estudiantes lean sus libros

2. It's possible that we will buy a house
Es posible que compremos una casa.

3. It is advised that parents talk to their children.
Es aconsejable que los padres hablen con sus hijos.

4. It's terrible that the children don't eat all of their food
Es terrible que los niños no coman todo su comida.

5. Hopefully he will have a good vacation.
Ojalá que el tenga buenas vacaciones.
PARA
PARA
Uses for para:
 Purpose (in order to)


Destination


Yo ojala que el coche tiene gasolina para el sábado.
Use; Purpose


Este sábado mi familia y yo nos vamos para el ciudad.
A point in time; Deadline


Salí temprano para la playa.
El libro de texto sirve para estudiar.
Opinion

Para mí, no me gusta pescado.
PERFECT
P- Purpose
E- Effect
R- Recipient
F- Future dates or Deadlines;
Events
E- Employment
C- Comparison
T- Towards a specific place
POR
Por – For
Por is a preposition just like para, which means that it
links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a
sentence. But, it is important to remember that the
usages of por and para are different.
A.T.R.A.C.T.E.D.
is a helpful acronym to remember when to use por!
A. T. R. A. C. T. E. D.
A – round a place
T – hrough a place
R – eason, excuse
A – fter, as in “going to get something”
(Going after something or someone)
C – o$t
T – hanks
E – xchange
D – uration (length)
Ejemplos:
A – round a place
¿Hay un cine por aquí?
Is there a movie theater around here?
Yo vivo por esta calle.
I live around this street.
Ayer caminamos por la playa.
Yesterday we walked to the beach.
Ejemplos:
T – hrough a place
Paso por el parque todos los
días.
I pass through the park every day.
Caminé por la escuela.
I walked through the school.
Ejemplos:
R – eason, excuse
¿Por qué llegaste tarde?
-Por el tráfico.
Why did you arrive late?
-Because of the traffic.
Se pelearon por un programa
de televisión.
They fought over a television program.
Ejemplos:
A
fter, as in “going to get something”
(Going after something or someone)
–
Voy al supermercado por leche.
I’m going to the supermarket for milk.
Vamos a la casa de Ana por
ella.
We go to Ana’s house for her.
Ejemplos:
C – o$t
Pagué cincuenta dólares por
esta falda.
I paid fifty dollars for this skirt.
Compraron los zapatos por
cuarenta euros.
They bought the shoes for forty euros.
Ejemplos:
T – hanks
Gracias por la ayuda.
Thank you for the help.
Gracias por el regalo, ¡Me
gusta mucho!
Thanks for the present, I like it a lot!
Ejemplos:
E – xchange
Yo quiero cambiar esta blusa
blanca por eso azul.
I want to change this white blouse for that blue one.
Cambiamos la mesa vieja por
una nueva.
We changed the old table for a new one.
Ejemplos:
D – uration (length)
He vivido aquí por mas de diez
años.
I have lived here for more than ten years.
Iremos a España por dos
semanas.
We will go to Spain for two weeks.
El fin
¡Es todo que tienen que conocer
sobre POR!
Mandatos con Nosotros

Nosotros commands are used to suggest that
others do an activity with you (Let’s…)

To form: Use the present subjunctive form of
nosotros. (Go to the yo, drop the –o, and add the
opposite ending)
Ex:
Resolvamos el conflicto
Comamos allí.
¡Remember!

Stem-changing verbs that end in –ir have a stem
change of e->i or o->u.

Verbs ending in –car, -gar, or –zar have a spelling
change.

DOPs and IDOPs are attached at the end of the
affirmative nosotros commands. However, they
come before negative nosotros commands.

Drop the final –s of the command when attaching
reflexive or reciprocal pronouns at the end of the
command.
Practice
Translate
Let's count the chickens.
Contemos los pollos.

Let's not lie.
No mintamos.

Let’s go to the store.
VAMOS a la tienda.

Lets write it (letter) to them.
Escribámosela.

Let’s not buy it (book).
No lo compremos.
Possessive Pronouns
mio(s) mia(s)
nuestro(s) nuestra(s)
my, mine
our, ours
tuyo(s) tuya(s) vuestro(s) vuestra(s)
your, yours
your, yours
suyo(s) suya(s)suyo(s) suya(s)
your, yours
your, yours
his, her, hers
their, theirs
Don’t forget the definite article el/la/los/la
The only time it can be left out is after the verb SER
Possessive Pronouns

Used for clarity and emphasis
When we use the verb ser we can omit
the definite article afterwards.
 Must agree in gender and number
