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POKUS SA OBHETO at POKUS SA TAGATANGGAP
MGA PANDIWA
(Object Focus Verbs: The Direct object is the subject of
the Sentence; Benefactive Focus Verbs: The subject
benefits)
Idinudugtong ang i- o -in- sa isang salitangugat para sabihin kung anong ginagawa ng
aktor sa isang bagay i.e. ang paksa
(add I- or –in to the root word to focus on the
object of the sentence, i.e. the subject)
May mga salitang-ugat na pandiwa
na puwedeng dugtungan ng i- at –in
at iisa pa rin ang ibig nitong sabihin.
 Halimbawa (Example):
 Pandiwa: tanong -> itanong -> tanungin
Pangungusap: Itanong mo kay Tita kung paano
mapapabuti ang iyong pagsusulat.
Pangungusap: Tanungin mo kay Tita kung paano
mapapabuti ang iyong pagsusulat.
Sa ibang mga salitang-ugat kapag
idinugtong ang i- o –in- hindi
magkapareho ang ibig sabihin
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Halimbawa:
Salitang-ugat: bili
Ibili – to buy something for someone (Benefactive)
Ibinili- bought something for someone
Ibinibili- is buying something for someone
Ibibili- will buy something for someone
(Indicative-Benefactive ang mode o panagano ng
pandiwa)
Transitive Verbs v.t.
 Both I- and -In verbs can be Object Focus, that is the
receiver of the action of the verb is the subject of the
sentence.
 However, there are I- verbs that are Benefactive Focus
which means the subject of the sentence or focus of
the verb 'benefits' from the action. Examples of
Benefactive Focus verbs are the following: ibili (to
buy), ihanap (to find something), ihiram (to borrow),
ikain (to eat for someone), ikuha (to get), isulat (to
write), ihiwa (to slice something for someone) [in
general: from -um-/mag- verbs same meaning]
Bili (Indicative Object Focus)
 Salitang-ugat: bili
 Pawatas- bilhin (iregular)- to buy something
 Perpektibo: binili- bought something
 Imperpektibo: binibili- is buying something
 Kontemplatibo: bibilhin/ bibilin
I- verb: OF vs BF
Ibili/Iluto
Ingles
Bilhin/Lutuin
Ingles
Ibili mo ako.
Buy me
(something)
Bilhin mo ako.
Buy me
Iluto mo ako.
Cook me.
Lutuin mo ako.
Cook me.
Common errors: -IN- verbs
Salitang-ugat (RW)
✖ –in verbs
✔ I- verbs
Balita - news
balitain
Ibalita- to relay or give
news of
Hulog- drop; fall
hulugin
Ihulog- to drop, deposit
Tanim- plant
tanimin
Itanim- to plant
Punas- wipe
punasin
Ipunas- to wipe
Turo- point; teach
turuin
Ituro- to point/ to teach
Tapon- throw
tapunin
Itapon- to throw
Balik- return
balikin
Ibalik- to return
Bukas/sara- open/close
bukasin/sarhin
Ibukas/ isara- to open/to
close
Gamitin ang mga pandiwa at
gumawa ng pangungusap.
(Word Order: VA [ang]N)
 Itangi +NG aktor (to make someone special)
 Imulat
(to open the eyes/mind)
 Idalangin ... sa… (to pray for someone to God)
 Isigaw
(to yell, shout)
 Iuntog
(to bang the [head])
 Salubungin
(to meet someone)
 Gisingin
(to wake up someone)
 Ubusin
(to finish/consume something)
 Ayusin
(to fix)
I- Pokus sa Obheto vs. Tagatanggap
(sa pangkalahatan [in general])
Obheto (galing sa mag- na pandiwa)
ANG (the thing which is the subject)
Tagatanggap (galing sa –um- na
pandiwa) NG (the thing- D.O.)
Iakyat (to bring upstairs)
Ibili (to buy something for someone)
Iayos (to fix)
Ihanap ( to find something for…)
Ibalik (to return)
Ihiram (to borrow something f or …
Ibalita (to bring news)
Ikain (to eat for someone)
Ibigay (to give)
Ikuha (to get something for someone)
Ibilad (to put something under the sun) Ibasa (galing sa –um- at mag- na
pandiwa: to read)
Idagdag (to add)
Ilagay (to put)
Iluto (to cook)
Iprito (to fry)
Isauli (to return)
Isulat (to write)
I Verbs that are both OF and BF
 Isulat mo ang pangalan mo.
 Isulat mo ako ng tula.