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Transcript
Plate Tectonics and the Ocean Floor © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Which is Which? Continental Drift ► In 1912 Alfred Wegener proposed that millions of years ago all of the continents were part of one supercontinent called Pangaea. Evidence for Continental Drift ► Wegener proposed Pangaea – one large continent existed 200 million years ago ► Panthalassa – one large ocean ► Noted puzzle-like fit of modern continents Evidence for Continental Drift ► Matching sequences of rocks and mountain chains ► Similar rocks on different continents Evidence for Continental Drift ► Same fossils found on continents that today are widely separated © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ► At first the hypothesis of Continental Drift was not accepted. ► Now, widely accepted, it has become incorporated into the Theory of Plate Tectonics. Continental Drift ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_5q8hz F9VVE Theory of Plate Tectonics ► Lithosphere – tectonic plates that float on ductile asthenosphere ► Large scale geologic features occur at plate boundaries ► An early Theory? ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hf74Sp0Xe6 Q&feature Plate Tectonics: A new way of thinking ► Paradigm Shift: Change in world view Shape of the Earth Continental drift Sustainability (?) ► The theory of Plate Tectonics caused a Paradigm shift in how the Earth moves and how new crust is created. Marie Tharp ► Mapped the Ocean floor. ► In 1952 she identified a key feature of the ridge dividing the North Atlantic. This was a controversial assertion during the decadeslong debate over continental drift. ► By the time Marie retired in 1983, plate tectonics had been widely accepted; she had witnessed, and help to foster, a complete transformation of her field. Plate Tectonic Processes Plate Tectonics ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTRu62 0bIsE A Little Lesson on Longitude and Latitude Latitude & Longitude ► Latitude is distance north or south of the Equator and longitude is distance east or west of the prime meridian. ► Both are measured in terms of the 360 degrees (symbolized by °) of a circle. Imaginary lines of latitude and longitude intersect each other, forming a grid that covers the Earth and helps us locate points on it. Latitude ► ► ► The Equator is the line of 0° latitude, the starting point for measuring latitude. The latitude of the North Pole is 90° N, and that of the South Pole is 90° S. The latitude of every point in between must be some degree north or south, from 0° to 90°. Longitude ► The line which runs through Greenwich in London is called the Greenwich Meridian or Prime Meridian. ► The Prime Meridian is 0° longitude. •The Earth is then divided into 180°east and 180°west. •The International Date Line lies at 180°east/west Longitude & Latitude Assignment ► Complete the Longitude & Latitude Assignment. ► Due to be passed in: Wednesday September 9th