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Chapter 2 Review
Constructive & Destructive Forces
Landforms
Causes of
Changes to
Landforms
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Humans
Role in
Science
Other
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Which landform is much
higher than the
surrounding land?
Mountain
What is a sand dune?
A sand hill that is made
and shaped by wind
What is a plain?
A large, flat landform
with little relief
What does the word
“mesa” mean in
Spanish?
table
Name 2 Mountain
Ranges.
Rocky Mountains
Appalachian Mountains
What is the process of
wearing away rocks?
weathering
What is erosion?
The process of moving
sediment by wind,
water, or ice
What is deposition?
The process by which
sediment drops out of
water
Where would you most
likely find a delta?
Near a river’s mouth
Give 2 examples of
weathering.
1. Waves crashing
against a cliff
2. a plant growing in
a crack in a rock
3. sand blowing
against a rocky
surface
Name the 4 earth’s
layers.
Crust
mantle
outer core
inner core
What is an earthquake?
Movement of the ground
caused by a sudden release
of energy in Earth’s crust
What is a fault?
A break in Earth’s crust
Who is a seismologist?
A person who studies
earthquakes
What causes an
earthquake?
A sudden release of
energy in Earth’s crust
What is a volcano?
A mountain made of lava,
ash, or other materials from
eruptions
What is magma?
Melted, molten rock that is
beneath Earth’s surface
What causes a chain of
volcanoes to occur?
The movement of a
plate over a hot spot
What is a column of hot
magma called?
A hot spot
What group of islands
was formed by a chain
of volcanoes?
Hawaiian Islands
What is a wall-like
structure that sticks out
into the ocean?
A jetty
Name 1 method of flood
control.
Dam, levee, or allowing
rivers to reclaim floodplains
What does a
seismograph record?
Movements in Earth’s
crust
What does the root word
“seismos” mean?
Shock or earthquake
How do seismologists
help prevent earthquake
damage?
They locate areas most
likely to shake during
quakes, and allow
people to plan safety
programs.
How can earthquakes be
destructive?
Roads and bridges are
damaged, buildings fall
Where does the most
damage usually occur
from an earthquake?
An epicenter
How do mountains
form?
Where plates come
together, part of the
crust is forced up.
When pressure is
applied, the edges of a
plate may be forced up.
Which layer of the Earth’s
crust contains soft areas on
which plates float?
mantle
What causes a sinkhole
to form?
Water weathers and
erodes soft rock
underground, forming a
cave. If the roof of the
cave collapses and the
cave is near the surface,
a sinkhole forms.