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Scientific theory that Earth’s crust is made of moving plates Earth’s water, whether salt or fresh or frozen or not, includes lakes, rivers, and underground water. Hot, melted rock below Earth’s surface a deep crack in the Earth’s crust the part of the solid Earth located between the inner core and the mantle, it is believed to be liquid metal. an instrument that records ground movements caused by earthquakes central part of Earth believed to be solid. hot rock found below the crust, the largest part of the solid Earth. rocky surface that makes up the top of the lithosphere the thinnest part of the solid Earth Plate tectonics Hydrosphere Magma Fault Outer Core Seismograph Inner Core Mantle Crust physical structure on Earth’s surface that formed from geologic events hot, melted rock that reaches the Earth’s surface an opening in the Earth’s crust from which lava may flow formation of islands aligned above a volcanic hot spot point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake the point where the earthquake starts a measurement of the amount of energy released by an earthquake huge wave caused by an earthquake under the ocean sudden shaking of Earth’s crust Geological Features Lava Volcano Island Chain Epicenter Focus Magnitude Tsunami Earthquake