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Lesson 3 Objectives In this period, you will be able to: • expand knowledge of some scientists and their breakthroughs • know the influences of them and develop an interest in science • improve reading strategies for identifying accurate information. Pioneers of science & their scientific breakthroughs … Let’s have a quiz about scientists and their discoveries with respect and great gratitude 1. A British scientist(1808 -- 1882). He laid the foundation of modern evolutionary theory. The Origin of Species was published in 1859. And he argued for the “Survival of the Fittest”: the biggest, the smartest and the strongest are not the survivors. Rather, the survivors are the most adaptable. Charles Darwin 2. An American inventor (1847-1922), best known for the development of the telephone and the foundation of the Bell Telephone Company. In 1876, his "electrical speech machine," which we now call a telephone, was born. Alexander Graham Bell 3. A French scientist(1867--1934). She was born in Poland and in 1891 she came to study in France, where she married Pierre Curie. In 1898 she discovered radium. She received two Nobel prizes, one for physics (1903) and one for chemistry (1911). Marie Curie 4. An American scientist (1847- 1931). He was an inventor of many electrical devices such as electric light bulb and is considered one of the most prolific inventors, holding a record of 1,093 patents to his name. Thomas Edison 5. A great Chinese agriculturalist(1930-). He invented a new species that produced a 20 percent higher yield(产量) than common types of rice and is known as China’s “father of hybrid(杂种的)rice”. Yuan Longping Can you choose the single most important one? Statement 1: If you had to choose the single most important discovery, you would have a real ________ dilemma on your hands. a situation in which it is very difficult to decide what to do, because all the choices seem equally good or equally bad Pioneers of Science Statement 2: Although it is impossible to choose the most important discoveries, it is possible to ________________________________. single out a few pioneers of the 20th century 挑选出 First reading Reading strategies: Scanning & Skimming(略读&跳读) Part 1Para. 1 introduction about the Brief_____________ discoveries in the 20th century ___________ Structure Part 2 Para. 2-8 Five pioneers and their __________ discoveries _____________ Part 3 Para. 9 praise for the breakthroughs High p_______ of these pioneers. great influence Summary: 5 pioneers of science and The text mainly talks about ____________________ their discoveries in the 20th century, which made our ______________ world _________________________ a completely different place Reading strategies: Scanning & Skimming(略读&跳读) Match other galaxies Albert Einstein the first computer E = mc2 Alexander Fleming Edwin Hubble microwave penicillin Percy Spencer Eckert & Mauchly Second-reading Reading strategy 2: identifying accurate information a strategy to deal with True or False Details (细节理解题之判断正误) Steps: • Read the questions / statements and identify key words. • Find the relevant (相关的)part of the text and identify the key words . • Decide if these key words express the same ideas. • To decide if there is no information, make sure that the answer (true /false) cannot be inferred from the text. Base your decision only on the information in the text! True or False Details (细节理解题之判断正误) Features of the false/wrong statements 错误选项特征 • 偷换概念、张冠李戴 • 添油加醋、半真半假 • 断章取义、以偏概全 • 片面绝对、过度引申 • 凭空捏造、无中生有 • 曲解原意、混淆视听 True or False Details (细节理解题之判断正误) 1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? ____ C A. Einstein was at work when he thought of the equation “E=mc2 ”. 凭空捏造 无中生有 … was rocking his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired. “E=mc2”was born. B. Einstein participated in the program that developed the nuclear bomb. 凭空捏造 无中生有 C. Hubble discovered that our galaxy is bigger than we thought it was. He discovered …which proved that the universe was vastly larger than had previously been thought. D. There was a blue mould around the bacteria in the dish left by Fleming. 曲解原意、混淆视听 He... saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed. True or False Details (细节理解题之判断正误) B 2. From the passage, we learn/know that ___ A. Hubble studied the universe for over twenty years. 添油加醋 凭空捏造 …he began the long, slow process of exploring our galaxy. B. The first computer project failed to meet its original goal. During the World War II…the US navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their missiles. Although they only finished after the war in 1946… C. The first computer was extremely difficult to program. program 偷换概念 曲解原意 混淆视听 It measured 100 feet long…with 18,000 tubes, it used so much energy… D. The scientists who discovered microwaves invented microwave ovens. We are grateful for the handy microwave oven…and we have 混淆视听 过度引申 Percy Spencer to thank. This inventor, …discovered microwaves when experimenting with radars… Post-reading activity You will be divided in groups of four to make some statements based on the descriptions of the 5 extra scientists, acting as groups of teachers who set exam papers, and then ask others to make the right choice. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true/NOT true? Or From the passage, we learn/know that ___ A. B. C. D. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true/NOT true? Or From the passage, we learn/know that ___ A. 错误选项特征 B. 张冠李戴、偷换概念 C. 添油加醋、半真半假 D. 断章取义、以偏概全 片面绝对、过度引申 凭空捏造、无中生有 曲解原意、混淆视听 To sum up: We learned the reading strategies for identifying accurate information. Later on we will further discuss more strategies Homework 1. retell the stories of the scientists with the key words. 2. finish exercises on reading in Student Times using the strategies learned in this lesson. What do you think will be the 5 scientific breakthroughs in the 21st century and how will they influence our life? Space tourism Relief TV Self-diagnosed system We'll live longer! We’ll conquer cancer! We’ll “manage” the Earth! space exploration, artificial intelligence, life span Optional Task E=mc2 ,theory of relativity telescope, galaxy, Penicillin, bacteria, machine, missile, energy, microwave Inspire, explore, discover, notice, realize, destroy, save, cure, measure, dedicate, affect, breakthrough world-famous, outspoken, unbelievable, far-reaching, massproduced, first, huge, grateful Tell the stories of the scientists with the words given. Penicillin, bacteria, notice, kill, save, modest telescope, galaxy, worldE=mc2,premier famous, mist, ,theory of universe relativity, inspire, rock Oven baby, mass, meal outspoken, radar unbelievable chocolate Accuracy of missiles, first computer,measure,energy