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MACROMOLECULES
________________S
_Lipids____
______________S
________________S
CARBOHYDRATES
 Used for
________and_________
 Made by plants from
water and CO2 during
______________
 EXAMPLES:
 Monosaccharides
 Disaccharides
 __________________
Monosaccharides
Simple sugars
 Examples:
 Glucose
 Fructose
 Galactose
Disaccharides
(double sugars)
 Maltose =
 Lactose =
 Sucrose =
Polysaccharides
(long chains of ________)
Starch in potato cells
Storage “energy”
Starch (plants)
Glycogen (animals)
Structural
Cellulose (plant cells)
Chitin (insects, fungi)
makes up cell
walls of plants
LIPIDS
 All are Hydrophobic – _______________
 Saturated
 Unsaturated
 Polyunsaturated
Functions of FAT
1. ____________________
2. Cushions organs
3. ___________________
.
Types of FAT
Saturated
Unsaturated
Hydrogenated
Solid at room
temp
Liquid at room
temp
Solid at rm temp
(Liquid oil converted
to a solid)
The structure of a FAT:
Energy is found in the ________ and there is so
much energy b/c there are so many bonds. That’s
why it takes so much work to “burn” fat.
An Interesting Fact
So, what’s OLESTRA?
How come it makes chips
and Doritos “fat free”??
Olestra is a synthetic fat - it is very big and bulky.
Because it is so bulky, the fat-digesting enzymes in our
intestines cannot break it down...and it passes through
unchanged.
PROTEIN
 ____________ are the building blocks
 There are ______ different amino acids
 Each protein has a
_______________________________
 That shape allows it to function properly
Why do we need protein?
What do we eat to get
protein?
What we do with the
protein once we digest it:
Hair
Hemoglobin
Muscle
Functions of Proteins
1. Transport –
2. Hormones –
3. Contractile –
4. Defensive -
5. Enzymes –
6. Structural –
Denaturation
 A protein can be DENATURED by
exposure to "harsh" environments such as
________________________________
 In these environments, the bonds that
hold the protein together break and cause
it to unravel
 This _______ the protein from functioning
Heat
NUCLEIC ACIDS
DNA
 Contains genetic code
 What you inherited from your parents
 Give instructions to cell
RNA
 Helps DNA do it’s job
Works Cited
 www.biology.iupui.edu/.../N100H/macromol.html
 http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Carbohy
drates.html#starches
 http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%
20100/Bio%20100%20Lectures/Biochemistry/biochemi.htm
 www.biology.com
 http://www.bioloj.ca/12U_Biology/macromolecule/lipids.html