Download OPIATES

Opiates and Pain
Opiates
BRAIN
Spinal Cord
Substance P
PAIN
OPIATES
Opium
Morphine
Codeine
Heroin
Dilaudid
Percodan
Synthetic Opiates
Methadone
Demerol
Darvon
Opiates
Primary use: Used medicinally to relieve pain
High potential for abuse; Causes relaxation with
immediate “rush”
Detectable in urine up to 48 hours after use.
Dependence:
Physiological
Pyschological
High
High
Opiates
Drug
Opium
Route
oral/smoke
Duration
3 - 6 hrs.
oral/smoke/inject
3 - 6 hrs.
Codeine
oral/inject
3 - 6 hrs.
Heroin
sniff/smoke/inject
3 - 6 hrs.
Morphine
Methadone
oral/inject
12 - 24 hrs.
Immediate Effects
Euphoria
Drowsiness
Pain reduction
Long-Term Effects
Respiratory and circulation depression
Dizziness
Lowered libido
Constipation
Weight loss
Coma
Death
Opiates
Symptoms of Overdose
1. Slow, shallow breathing
2. clammy skin
3. Convulsions
4. Coma
5. Death
Treatment: Narcan (opiate antagonist)
Opiates
Withdrawal Syndrome:
Watery eyes, Runny nose, Cramps,
Diarrhea, Loss of Appetite, Nausea
Tremors, Chills, Sweating, Goose bumps
Symptoms begin 6 to 10 hours following
withdrawal, peak at 36 to 48 hours,
subside after 6 to 10 days
Methadone Maintenance
- Most common treatment for opiate dependent
individuals
- Started in 1960’s
- Opiates are not considered a power drug - few
crimes associated while the users is under the
influence. Therefore, total abstinence need not be
an objective of treatment.
Methadone Maintenance
- Individual is given a daily oral dose of
methadone that prevents the occurrence of
withdrawal.
- When properly prescribed it does not produce
euphoria or tranquilizing effect.
- Individual may remain of methadone
maintenance indefinitely.
Rapid Anesthesia - Aided
Detoxification
(RAAD)
1. IV Administration of Narcan (opiate
antagonist)
2. Person is under a general anesthesia
procedures last several hours
3. Person receives on-going doses of opiate
antagonist for cravings