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Transcript
Magnetism 5 Transformers & Generators Transformer Device in which alternating current in one coil of wire induces a current in a second wire. Primary coil (input) is connected to a source of Alternating _______ current ___________ This induces a current in the Secondary coil ___________ _____(output)__ Step-up Transformer • Increases Output Voltage • Has more turns of wire in the second coil • More turns of coil = higher Voltage • Power companies use them to send electricity over long distances • Examples: neon sign or plug for CD player Step-down Transformer • Decreases output voltage • Fewer turns of wire in second coil • Fewer turns of wire = lower voltage • Power to individual homes Generator Device that changes mechanical energy into electrical energy. • It has the ability to induce a current. •Electricity usually comes from generators. How it works •A loop of wire spins through a magnetic field. _____________________________________ •Moving magnets make electricity. _____________________________________ Motor Device that changes electrical energy into mechanical energy •It has the ability to reverse poles of an electromagnet •Has electromagnet & permanent magnet •How it works•the electromagnet is free to turn in the middle of permanent magnets. •Changing + & - in the electromagnet changes the attraction or repulsion towards the permanent magnet. Turbine Turbine – an engine that…. removes energy from a fluid or air flow and converts it into useful work. Steam Turbine – is used for the…… generation of electricity in thermal power plants, such as plants using coal or fuel oil or nuclear power. Almost all electrical power on Earth is produced with a turbine of some type. How mechanical energy is transformed into electricity. Mechanical Energy (moving water) spins the turbine. The spinning turbine spins magnets in the generator. Coils of wire surrounding the spinning magnets cut through the magnetic field which induces a current. The current made by the generator goes to the power lines. Power lines bring the electricity to your homes, schools etc.