Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
1. Which list correctly matches each instrument with the weather variable it measures? A) wind vane—wind speed thermometer—temperature precipitation gauge—relative humidity B) wind vane—wind direction thermometer—dewpoint psychrometer—air pressure C) barometer—relative humidity anemometer—cloud cover precipitation gauge—probability of precipitation D) barometer—air pressure anemometer—wind speed psychrometer—relative humidity 4. The map below shows a weather variable recorded at noon on a certain day. Isolines show values from 20 to 70. 2. The map below shows high-pressure and low-pressure weather systems in the United States. Which two lettered positions on the map are most likely receiving precipitation? A) A and B C) C and E B) B and D D) A and D 3. Which weather station model for a New York State location indicates that snow may be about to fall? A) B) C) D) Which atmospheric variable is most likely represented by the isolines on this map? A) B) C) D) snowfall in inches wind speed in knots barometric pressure in millibars air temperature in degrees Fahrenheit 5. Students wish to study the effect of elevation above sea level on air temperature and air pressure. They plan to hike in the Adirondack Mountains from Heart Lake, elevation 2,179 feet, to the peak of Mt. Marcy, elevation 5,344 feet. Which instruments should they use to collect their data? A) B) C) D) anemometer and psychrometer anemometer and barometer thermometer and psychrometer thermometer and barometer 6. Base your answer to the following question on the weather map below, which shows the location of fronts and the temperature field on a given day in the United States. Which two cities most likely have an air temperature closest to 75°F? A) Chicago and Detroit C) Oklahoma City and Memphis B) Los Angeles and Denver D) Cincinnati and Kansas City 7. How many joules of heat energy must be added to 5 grams of liquid water to change its temperature from 10°C to 30°C? A) 83.6 joules C) 312.6 joules B) 100 joules D) 418 joules 8. What is the average air pressure exerted by Earth's atmosphere at sea level, expressed in millibars and inches of mercury? A) B) C) D) 1013.25 mb and 29.92 in of Hg 29.92 mb and 1013.25 in of Hg 1012.65 mb and 29.91 in of Hg 29.91 mb and 1012.65 in of Hg Base your answers to questions 9 through 12 on the weather map below, which shows the locations of a high-pressure center (H) and a low-pressure center (L) over a portion of North America. The isolines indicate surface air pressures. 9. The data used to construct the isolines on this map were recorded in which units? A) inches B) millibars C) feet D) meters 10. Which map shows the most likely location of clouds associated with these pressure centers? A) B) C) D) 11. The arrows on which map best show the pattern of surface winds around these two pressure centers? A) B) C) D) 12. The arrows on which map show the most likely path in which these two pressure centers will move over the next few days? A) B) C) D) Base your answers to questions 13 through 17 on the weather maps below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The weather maps show the eastern United States on two consecutive days. Some isobars are labeled in millibars (mb). Letter X represents a location on Earth's surface on December 8, 2009. 13. Which map best shows the general surface wind pattern around the high-pressure system on December 8? A) B) C) D) 14. What was the barometric pressure for location X on December 8? A) 1016 mb B) 1012 mb C) 1008 mb D) 1004 mb 15. In which direction did the high-pressure center move from December 8, 2009, to December 9, 2009? A) southwest B) southeast C) northwest D) northeast 16. Which type of front was located just south of New York City on December 9? A) cold B) warm C) stationary D) occluded 17. Which information shown on the weather maps best indicates that wind speeds in New York State were greater on December 9 than on December 8? A) B) C) D) The isobars were closer together on December 9. The fronts were closer together on December 9. The air pressure over New York State was lower on December 9. The air pressure over New York State was higher on December 9. 18. Air pressure is usually highest when the air is A) cool and humid C) warm and humid B) cool and dry D) warm and dry 19. The cross section below shows a sea breeze blowing from the ocean toward the land. The air pressure at the land surface is 1013 millibars. 23. Which gas in the atmosphere has the most influence on day-to-day weather changes? A) ozone C) water vapor B) oxygen D) carbon dioxide 24. As the dewpoint temperature of a sample of air decreases, the amount of moisture in that sample of air A) decreases C) remains the same B) increases 25. Which map best represents the surface wind pattern around Northern Hemisphere high-pressure and low-pressure centers? A) The air pressure at the ocean surface a few miles from the shore is most likely A) 994 mb C) 1013 mb B) 1005 mb D) 1017 mb B) 20. Various weather conditions at LAX Airport in Los Angeles are shown on the station model below. C) What were the barometric pressure and weather conditions at the airport at the time of the observation? A) B) C) D) 914.6 mb of pressure and smog 914.6 mb of pressure and a clear sky 1014.6 mb of pressure and smog 1014.6 mb of pressure and a clear sky 21. An air pressure of 1,005 millibars is equivalent to approximately how many inches of mercury? A) 29.58 C) 29.68 B) 29.62 D) 29.72 22. What is the relative humidity when the dry-bulb temperature is 16°C and the wet-bulb temperature is 14°C? A) 90% B) 80% C) 14% D) 13% D) 26. Which diagram below best represents the air circulation around a Northern Hemisphere low-pressure center? A) B) C) D) 27. Which weather map symbol is used to represent violently rotating winds that have the appearance of the funnel-shape cloud? A) B) C) D) 28. What is the dewpoint when the dry-bulb temperature is 8°C and the wet-bulb temperature is 2°C? A) 28°C B) 6°C C) 3°C D) –9°C Base your answers to questions 29 through 31 on the weather map below and on your knowledge of Earth Science. The map shows a low-pressure system with two fronts extending from its center (L). Points A, B, C, and D represents locations on Earth's surface. Two different air masses are labeled. 29. Which atmospheric conditions describe the air mass that is influencing weather conditions at location C? A) cool and dry C) warm and dry B) cool and moist D) warm and moist 30. Which cross section best represents the frontal boundary (fb) and general pattern of air movements between locations C and D? A) B) C) D) 31. Which locations are most likely experiencing precipitation? A) A and B B) B and C C) C and D D) D and B 32. A cross section of a weather front is shown below. Which symbol would be used to represent this front on a weather map? A) B) C) 33. Which geographic region is the most common source region for the mT air masses that move into New York State? A) B) C) D) northern Canada Gulf of Mexico Arctic Ocean southwestern United States D) 34. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below, which shows air temperature, dewpoint, and present weather conditions for a 23-hour period at Dallas, Texas. The thunderstorm that occurred between 11 p.m. and 12 midnight was most likely the result of A) B) C) D) the arrival of a warm front the arrival of a cold front an increase in the difference between air temperature and dewpoint an increase in both air temperature and dewpoint 35. On which weather map do the front symbols best represent the direction of movement of the cold front and warm front associated with the low-pressure system shown on the map? A) B) C) D) 36. Weather along most fronts is usually cloudy with precipitation because the warm air along most fronts is usually A) sinking and cooling, causing water to evaporate B) sinking and warming, causing water to evaporate C) rising and cooling, causing water vapor to condense D) rising and warming, causing water vapor to condense 37. The diagram below shows a cross section of a cumulus cloud. Line AB indicates the base of the cloud. Which graph best represents the temperature measured along line AB? A) B) C) D) 41. Under which conditions is a cloud most likely to form at the Earth's surface? A) The air temperature is above the dewpoint, and no condensation nuclei are present. B) The air temperature is at the dewpoint, and condensation nuclei are abundant. C) The relative humidity is zero, and condensation nuclei are abundant. D) The air temperature and air pressure are stable, and condensation nuclei are scarce. 42. The chart below shows the air temperature and the dewpoint temperature near the ground at a given location for four consecutive days. All temperatures were recorded at noon. 38. Why is it possible for no rain to be falling from a cloud? A) The water droplets are too small to fall. B) The cloud is water vapor. C) The dewpoint has not yet been reached in the cloud. D) There are no condensation nuclei in the cloud. 39. Which event will most likely occur in rising air? A) B) C) D) clearing skies cloud formation decreasing relative humidity increasing temperature 40. Which event is a direct result of transpiration and evaporation? A) B) C) D) The atmosphere warms. Cloud cover decreases. Moisture enters the atmosphere. Moisture leaves the atmosphere. Which statement is best supported by the data? A) Relative humidity was highest on day 1. B) The greatest amount of water vapor was in the atmosphere on day 2. C) The base level for cloud formation was highest on day 3. D) The chance of precipitation was greatest on day 4. 43. If the base of a cloud is located at an altitude of 2 kilometers and the top of the cloud is located at an altitude of 8 kilometers, this cloud is located in the A) B) C) D) troposphere, only stratosphere, only troposphere and stratosphere stratosphere and mesosphere 44. Which map shows the two correctly labeled air masses that frequently converge in the central plains to cause tornadoes? A) B) C) D) 45. The properties of an air mass are mostly determined by the A) B) C) D) rate of Earth’s rotation direction of Earth’s surface winds source region where the air mass formed path the air mass follows along a land surface 46. An air mass classified as mP usually forms over which type of Earth surface? A) warm land C) cool land B) warm ocean D) cool ocean 47. An Earth science student observed the following weather conditions in Albany, New York, for 2 days: The first day was warm and humid with southerly winds. The second day, the temperature was 15 degrees cooler, the relative humidity had decreased, and wind direction was northwest. Which type of air mass most likely had moved into the area on the second day? A) B) C) D) continental tropical continental polar maritime tropical maritime polar 48. Which abbreviation indicates a warm air mass that contains large amounts of water vapor? A) cP B) cT C) mT D) mP 49. Jet stream winds over the United States generally move from A) east to west C) north to south B) west to east D) south to north 50. In which map does the arrow show the general direction that most low-pressure storm systems move across New York State? A) B) C) D) 51. The weather station model shown below indicated that winds are coming from the A) B) C) D) southeast at 10 knots northwest at 10 knots southeast at 20 knots northwest at 20 knots 52. The station model below shows some weather conditions at a location on Earth's surface. Which present weather symbol represents the most likely type of precipitation occurring at this location? A) B) C) D) 53. Which station model shows an air temperature of 75°F and a barometric pressure of 996.3 mb? A) B) C) 54. Weather station models for three New York State cities on the same day at the same time are shown below. Which map shows the front that was most likely passing through Rochester at that time? A) B) C) D) D) Base your answers to questions 55 through 57 on on the station models below, which show various weather conditions recorded at the same time on the same day at four different cities. 55. Which wind speed was recorded at Detroit? A) 15 knots B) 25 knots C) 35 knots D) 45 knots 56. Which city had the lowest relative humidity? A) Chicago B) Detroit C) Buffalo D) Utica 57. Which weather symbol best represents the type of precipitation that was most likely occurring in Utica? A) B) C) 58. Hurricane season in the North Atlantic Ocean officially begins in June and ends in November. Which ocean surface conditions are responsible for the development of hurricanes? A) warm water temperatures and low evaporation rates B) warm water temperatures and high evaporation rates C) cool water temperatures and low evaporation rates D) cool water temperatures and high evaporation rates D) Base your answers to questions 59 and 60 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents the water cycle. Letters A through C represent different processes in the water cycle. 59. In order for process A to occur, liquid water must A) gain 334 Joules per gram C) lose 334 Joules per gram B) gain 2260 Joules per gram D) lose 2260 Joules per gram 60. Which process is represented by letter B? A) capillarity B) transpiration C) infiltration 61. Under which atmospheric conditions will water most likely evaporate at the fastest rate? A) B) C) D) hot, humid, and calm hot, dry, and windy cold, humid, and windy cold, dry, and calm D) precipitation 62. A student uses a sling psychrometer outdoors on a clear day. The dry-bulb (air) temperature is 10°C. The water on the wet bulb will most likely A) condense, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be higher than the air temperature B) condense, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be equal to the air temperature C) evaporate, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be lower than the air temperature D) evaporate, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be equal to the air temperature 63. The diagram below shows the temperature readings on a weather instrument. Based on these readings, the relative humidity of the air is closest to A) 8% B) 11% C) 32% D) 60% 64. What is the dewpoint temperature when the relative humidity is 30% and the air temperature is 20°C? A) –28°C C) 6°C B) 2°C D) 9°C 65. Which statement best explains why an increase in the relative humidity of a parcel of air generally increases the chance of precipitation? A) The dewpoint is farther from the condensation point, causing rain. B) The air temperature is closer to the dewpoint, making cloud formation more likely. C) The amount of moisture in the air is greater, making the air heavier. D) The specific heat of the moist air is greater than the drier air, releasing energy. 66. The weather map below shows a portion of an air-pressure field at Earth's surface. Isobars show air pressure in millibars. At which location is windspeed greatest? A) A B) B C) C D) D 67. Which statement best explains how atmospheric dust particles influence the water cycle? A) Dust particles are the main source of dissolved salts in the sea. B) Dust particles increase the capacity of the atmosphere to hold water vapor. C) Dust particles increase the amount of evaporation that takes place. D) Dust particles provide surfaces on which water vapor can condense. 68. Which process releases 2260 joules of heat energy per gram of water into the environment? A) melting C) condensation B) freezing D) evaporation 69. Which sequence of events affecting moist air within Earth's atmosphere causes cloud formation? A) rising ® expanding ® cooling ® condensation B) rising ® contracting ® warming ® evaporation C) sinking ® expanding ® warming ® condensation D) sinking ® contracting ® cooling ® evaporation Answer Key WeatherRS 1. D 37. D 2. B 38. A 3. A 39. B 4. D 40. C 5. D 41. B 6. D 42. B 7. D 43. A 8. A 44. B 9. B 45. C 10. B 46. D 11. A 47. B 12. D 48. C 13. D 49. B 14. B 50. C 15. D 51. C 16. B 52. D 17. A 53. D 18. B 54. B 19. D 55. B 20. C 56. A 21. C 57. D 22. B 58. B 23. C 59. B 24. A 60. B 25. A 61. B 26. B 62. C 27. C 63. C 28. D 64. B 29. D 65. B 30. B 66. B 31. D 67. D 32. A 68. C 33. B 69. A 34. B 35. B 36. C