Download A) wind vane—wind speed thermometer—temperature precipitation

1. Which list correctly matches each instrument with the
weather variable it measures?
A) wind vane—wind speed
thermometer—temperature
precipitation gauge—relative humidity
B) wind vane—wind direction
thermometer—dewpoint
psychrometer—air pressure
C) barometer—relative humidity
anemometer—cloud cover
precipitation gauge—probability of precipitation
D) barometer—air pressure
anemometer—wind speed
psychrometer—relative humidity
4. The map below shows a weather variable recorded at
noon on a certain day. Isolines show values from 20
to 70.
2. The map below shows high-pressure and low-pressure
weather systems in the United States.
Which two lettered positions on the map are most
likely receiving precipitation?
A) A and B
C) C and E
B) B and D
D) A and D
3. Which weather station model for a New York State
location indicates that snow may be about to fall?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Which atmospheric variable is most likely
represented by the isolines on this map?
A)
B)
C)
D)
snowfall in inches
wind speed in knots
barometric pressure in millibars
air temperature in degrees Fahrenheit
5. Students wish to study the effect of elevation above
sea level on air temperature and air pressure. They
plan to hike in the Adirondack Mountains from Heart
Lake, elevation 2,179 feet, to the peak of Mt. Marcy,
elevation 5,344 feet. Which instruments should they
use to collect their data?
A)
B)
C)
D)
anemometer and psychrometer
anemometer and barometer
thermometer and psychrometer
thermometer and barometer
6. Base your answer to the following question on the weather map below, which shows the location of
fronts and the temperature field on a given day in the United States.
Which two cities most likely have an air temperature closest to 75°F?
A) Chicago and Detroit
C) Oklahoma City and Memphis
B) Los Angeles and Denver
D) Cincinnati and Kansas City
7. How many joules of heat energy must be added to 5
grams of liquid water to change its temperature from
10°C to 30°C?
A) 83.6 joules
C) 312.6 joules
B) 100 joules
D) 418 joules
8. What is the average air pressure exerted by Earth's
atmosphere at sea level, expressed in millibars and
inches of mercury?
A)
B)
C)
D)
1013.25 mb and 29.92 in of Hg
29.92 mb and 1013.25 in of Hg
1012.65 mb and 29.91 in of Hg
29.91 mb and 1012.65 in of Hg
Base your answers to questions 9 through 12 on the weather map below, which shows the locations of
a high-pressure center (H) and a low-pressure center (L) over a portion of North America. The
isolines indicate surface air pressures.
9. The data used to construct the isolines on this map were recorded in which units?
A) inches
B) millibars
C) feet
D) meters
10. Which map shows the most likely location of clouds associated with these pressure centers?
A)
B)
C)
D)
11. The arrows on which map best show the pattern of surface winds around these two pressure centers?
A)
B)
C)
D)
12. The arrows on which map show the most likely path in which these two pressure centers will move
over the next few days?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Base your answers to questions 13 through 17 on the weather maps below and on your knowledge of
Earth science. The weather maps show the eastern United States on two consecutive days. Some
isobars are labeled in millibars (mb). Letter X represents a location on Earth's surface on December 8,
2009.
13. Which map best shows the general surface wind pattern around the high-pressure system on
December 8?
A)
B)
C)
D)
14. What was the barometric pressure for location X on December 8?
A) 1016 mb
B) 1012 mb
C) 1008 mb
D) 1004 mb
15. In which direction did the high-pressure center move from December 8, 2009, to December 9, 2009?
A) southwest
B) southeast
C) northwest
D) northeast
16. Which type of front was located just south of New York City on December 9?
A) cold
B) warm
C) stationary
D) occluded
17. Which information shown on the weather maps best indicates that wind speeds in New York State
were greater on December 9 than on December 8?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The isobars were closer together on December 9.
The fronts were closer together on December 9.
The air pressure over New York State was lower on December 9.
The air pressure over New York State was higher on December 9.
18. Air pressure is usually highest when the air is
A) cool and humid
C) warm and humid
B) cool and dry
D) warm and dry
19. The cross section below shows a sea breeze blowing
from the ocean toward the land. The air pressure at
the land surface is 1013 millibars.
23. Which gas in the atmosphere has the most influence
on day-to-day weather changes?
A) ozone
C) water vapor
B) oxygen
D) carbon dioxide
24. As the dewpoint temperature of a sample of air
decreases, the amount of moisture in that sample of
air
A) decreases
C) remains the same
B) increases
25. Which map best represents the surface wind pattern
around Northern Hemisphere high-pressure and
low-pressure centers?
A)
The air pressure at the ocean surface a few miles
from the shore is most likely
A) 994 mb
C) 1013 mb
B) 1005 mb
D) 1017 mb
B)
20. Various weather conditions at LAX Airport in Los
Angeles are shown on the station model below.
C)
What were the barometric pressure and weather
conditions at the airport at the time of the
observation?
A)
B)
C)
D)
914.6 mb of pressure and smog
914.6 mb of pressure and a clear sky
1014.6 mb of pressure and smog
1014.6 mb of pressure and a clear sky
21. An air pressure of 1,005 millibars is equivalent to
approximately how many inches of mercury?
A) 29.58
C) 29.68
B) 29.62
D) 29.72
22. What is the relative humidity when the dry-bulb
temperature is 16°C and the wet-bulb temperature is
14°C?
A) 90% B) 80% C) 14% D) 13%
D)
26. Which diagram below best represents the air
circulation around a Northern Hemisphere
low-pressure center?
A)
B)
C)
D)
27. Which weather map symbol is used to represent violently rotating winds that have the appearance of
the funnel-shape cloud?
A)
B)
C)
D)
28. What is the dewpoint when the dry-bulb temperature
is 8°C and the wet-bulb temperature is 2°C?
A) 28°C B) 6°C
C) 3°C
D) –9°C
Base your answers to questions 29 through 31 on the weather map below and on your knowledge of
Earth Science. The map shows a low-pressure system with two fronts extending from its center (L).
Points A, B, C, and D represents locations on Earth's surface. Two different air masses are labeled.
29. Which atmospheric conditions describe the air mass that is influencing weather conditions at location
C?
A) cool and dry
C) warm and dry
B) cool and moist
D) warm and moist
30. Which cross section best represents the frontal boundary (fb) and general pattern of air movements
between locations C and D?
A)
B)
C)
D)
31. Which locations are most likely experiencing precipitation?
A) A and B
B) B and C
C) C and D
D) D and B
32. A cross section of a weather front is shown below.
Which symbol would be used to represent this front on a weather map?
A)
B)
C)
33. Which geographic region is the most common
source region for the mT air masses that move into
New York State?
A)
B)
C)
D)
northern Canada
Gulf of Mexico
Arctic Ocean
southwestern United States
D)
34. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below, which shows air temperature,
dewpoint, and present weather conditions for a 23-hour period at Dallas, Texas.
The thunderstorm that occurred between 11 p.m. and 12 midnight was most likely the result of
A)
B)
C)
D)
the arrival of a warm front
the arrival of a cold front
an increase in the difference between air temperature and dewpoint
an increase in both air temperature and dewpoint
35. On which weather map do the front symbols best represent the direction of movement of the cold
front and warm front associated with the low-pressure system shown on the map?
A)
B)
C)
D)
36. Weather along most fronts is usually cloudy with
precipitation because the warm air along most fronts
is usually
A) sinking and cooling, causing water to evaporate
B) sinking and warming, causing water to
evaporate
C) rising and cooling, causing water vapor to
condense
D) rising and warming, causing water vapor to
condense
37. The diagram below shows a cross section of a
cumulus cloud. Line AB indicates the base of the
cloud.
Which graph best represents the temperature
measured along line AB?
A)
B)
C)
D)
41. Under which conditions is a cloud most likely to
form at the Earth's surface?
A) The air temperature is above the dewpoint, and
no condensation nuclei are present.
B) The air temperature is at the dewpoint, and
condensation nuclei are abundant.
C) The relative humidity is zero, and condensation
nuclei are abundant.
D) The air temperature and air pressure are stable,
and condensation nuclei are scarce.
42. The chart below shows the air temperature and the
dewpoint temperature near the ground at a given
location for four consecutive days. All temperatures
were recorded at noon.
38. Why is it possible for no rain to be falling from a
cloud?
A) The water droplets are too small to fall.
B) The cloud is water vapor.
C) The dewpoint has not yet been reached in the
cloud.
D) There are no condensation nuclei in the cloud.
39. Which event will most likely occur in rising air?
A)
B)
C)
D)
clearing skies
cloud formation
decreasing relative humidity
increasing temperature
40. Which event is a direct result of transpiration and
evaporation?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The atmosphere warms.
Cloud cover decreases.
Moisture enters the atmosphere.
Moisture leaves the atmosphere.
Which statement is best supported by the data?
A) Relative humidity was highest on day 1.
B) The greatest amount of water vapor was in the
atmosphere on day 2.
C) The base level for cloud formation was highest
on day 3.
D) The chance of precipitation was greatest on day
4.
43. If the base of a cloud is located at an altitude of 2
kilometers and the top of the cloud is located at an
altitude of 8 kilometers, this cloud is located in the
A)
B)
C)
D)
troposphere, only
stratosphere, only
troposphere and stratosphere
stratosphere and mesosphere
44. Which map shows the two correctly labeled air masses that frequently converge in the central plains
to cause tornadoes?
A)
B)
C)
D)
45. The properties of an air mass are mostly determined
by the
A)
B)
C)
D)
rate of Earth’s rotation
direction of Earth’s surface winds
source region where the air mass formed
path the air mass follows along a land surface
46. An air mass classified as mP usually forms over
which type of Earth surface?
A) warm land
C) cool land
B) warm ocean
D) cool ocean
47. An Earth science student observed the following
weather conditions in Albany, New York, for 2
days: The first day was warm and humid with
southerly winds. The second day, the temperature
was 15 degrees cooler, the relative humidity had
decreased, and wind direction was northwest. Which
type of air mass most likely had moved into the area
on the second day?
A)
B)
C)
D)
continental tropical
continental polar
maritime tropical
maritime polar
48. Which abbreviation indicates a warm air mass that
contains large amounts of water vapor?
A) cP
B) cT
C) mT
D) mP
49. Jet stream winds over the United States generally
move from
A) east to west
C) north to south
B) west to east
D) south to north
50. In which map does the arrow show the general
direction that most low-pressure storm systems
move across New York State?
A)
B)
C)
D)
51. The weather station model shown below indicated
that winds are coming from the
A)
B)
C)
D)
southeast at 10 knots
northwest at 10 knots
southeast at 20 knots
northwest at 20 knots
52. The station model below shows some weather
conditions at a location on Earth's surface.
Which present weather symbol represents the most
likely type of precipitation occurring at this location?
A)
B)
C)
D)
53. Which station model shows an air temperature of 75°F and a barometric pressure of 996.3 mb?
A)
B)
C)
54. Weather station models for three New York State
cities on the same day at the same time are shown
below.
Which map shows the front that was most likely
passing through Rochester at that time?
A)
B)
C)
D)
D)
Base your answers to questions 55 through 57 on on the station models below, which show various
weather conditions recorded at the same time on the same day at four different cities.
55. Which wind speed was recorded at Detroit?
A) 15 knots
B) 25 knots
C) 35 knots
D) 45 knots
56. Which city had the lowest relative humidity?
A) Chicago
B) Detroit
C) Buffalo
D) Utica
57. Which weather symbol best represents the type of precipitation that was most likely occurring in
Utica?
A)
B)
C)
58. Hurricane season in the North Atlantic Ocean
officially begins in June and ends in November.
Which ocean surface conditions are responsible for
the development of hurricanes?
A) warm water temperatures and low evaporation
rates
B) warm water temperatures and high evaporation
rates
C) cool water temperatures and low evaporation
rates
D) cool water temperatures and high evaporation
rates
D)
Base your answers to questions 59 and 60 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of Earth
science. The diagram represents the water cycle. Letters A through C represent different processes in
the water cycle.
59. In order for process A to occur, liquid water must
A) gain 334 Joules per gram
C) lose 334 Joules per gram
B) gain 2260 Joules per gram
D) lose 2260 Joules per gram
60. Which process is represented by letter B?
A) capillarity
B) transpiration
C) infiltration
61. Under which atmospheric conditions will water most
likely evaporate at the fastest rate?
A)
B)
C)
D)
hot, humid, and calm
hot, dry, and windy
cold, humid, and windy
cold, dry, and calm
D) precipitation
62. A student uses a sling psychrometer outdoors on a
clear day. The dry-bulb (air) temperature is 10°C.
The water on the wet bulb will most likely
A) condense, causing the wet-bulb temperature to
be higher than the air temperature
B) condense, causing the wet-bulb temperature to
be equal to the air temperature
C) evaporate, causing the wet-bulb temperature to
be lower than the air temperature
D) evaporate, causing the wet-bulb temperature to
be equal to the air temperature
63. The diagram below shows the temperature readings
on a weather instrument.
Based on these readings, the relative humidity of the
air is closest to
A) 8%
B) 11% C) 32% D) 60%
64. What is the dewpoint temperature when the relative
humidity is 30% and the air temperature is 20°C?
A) –28°C
C) 6°C
B) 2°C
D) 9°C
65. Which statement best explains why an increase in
the relative humidity of a parcel of air generally
increases the chance of precipitation?
A) The dewpoint is farther from the condensation
point, causing rain.
B) The air temperature is closer to the dewpoint,
making cloud formation more likely.
C) The amount of moisture in the air is greater,
making the air heavier.
D) The specific heat of the moist air is greater than
the drier air, releasing energy.
66. The weather map below shows a portion of an
air-pressure field at Earth's surface. Isobars show air
pressure in millibars.
At which location is windspeed greatest?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
67. Which statement best explains how atmospheric dust
particles influence the water cycle?
A) Dust particles are the main source of dissolved
salts in the sea.
B) Dust particles increase the capacity of the
atmosphere to hold water vapor.
C) Dust particles increase the amount of
evaporation that takes place.
D) Dust particles provide surfaces on which water
vapor can condense.
68. Which process releases 2260 joules of heat energy
per gram of water into the environment?
A) melting
C) condensation
B) freezing
D) evaporation
69. Which sequence of events affecting moist air within
Earth's atmosphere causes cloud formation?
A) rising ® expanding ® cooling ®
condensation
B) rising ® contracting ® warming ®
evaporation
C) sinking ® expanding ® warming ®
condensation
D) sinking ® contracting ® cooling ®
evaporation
Answer Key
WeatherRS
1.
D
37.
D
2.
B
38.
A
3.
A
39.
B
4.
D
40.
C
5.
D
41.
B
6.
D
42.
B
7.
D
43.
A
8.
A
44.
B
9.
B
45.
C
10.
B
46.
D
11.
A
47.
B
12.
D
48.
C
13.
D
49.
B
14.
B
50.
C
15.
D
51.
C
16.
B
52.
D
17.
A
53.
D
18.
B
54.
B
19.
D
55.
B
20.
C
56.
A
21.
C
57.
D
22.
B
58.
B
23.
C
59.
B
24.
A
60.
B
25.
A
61.
B
26.
B
62.
C
27.
C
63.
C
28.
D
64.
B
29.
D
65.
B
30.
B
66.
B
31.
D
67.
D
32.
A
68.
C
33.
B
69.
A
34.
B
35.
B
36.
C