Download Chem vocab quiz definitons

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Chemistry vocab quiz16 answers
Atomic/Molecular structure definitions.
Matter anything that has volume and mass.
Proton is a positively charged particles that are found in the nucleus,
and has the mass of 1 atomic unit (amu).
Neutron is an electrically neutral particles that are found in the
nucleus, and has a mass of 1 amu.
Electron is a negatively charged sub atomic particle found in an area
outside the nucleus of the atom.
Atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus. It is the
number of protons that identifies the element.
Atomic mass is number that indicates the sum of the protons and
neutrons in the nucleus. This number is an average of the masses of
all isotopes of that element and therefore a decimal.
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outer shell and control the
elements reactivity.
Molecule is the smallest particle of a compound that has all the
properties of the compound.
Compound is a pure substance that is made of two or more
elements chemically bound together.
Pure substances are both elements and compounds
Isotopes are various atoms of an element (ex Boron; 115 B, 105 B, 95 B)
that differ in the number of neutrons..
Ion is an atom that is no longer electrically neutral because it has
gained or lost an electron.
Physical Change/ Characteristics
Liquid is the state of matter that is described as having a definite
volume but an indefinite shape.
Gas is the state of matter that is described as having no definite
shape, or volume.
Solid is the state of matter that is described as having a definite
shape and volume.
Viscosity is a property of liquids that describe their resistance or
ability to flow.
Crystal is a solids in which the particles form a regular 3 dimensional
pattern, common to ionic compounds.
Condensation is the change of state from gas to liquid.
Sublimation the change of state from solid directly to gas.
Solubility is a measure of how well a substance can dissolve in
another substance at a given temperature.
Solute is the part of the solution that is dissolved by another
substance.
Solvent is the part of the solution that dissolves other substances.
Chemical Equations and Formulas
Subscript is a number placed to the lower right of the elemental
symbol indicating the number of atoms of the element in the
compound.
Coefficient a number placed before an element or compound in a
chemical equation that multiplies the entire molecule that follows.
Periodic Table
Period is a row (horizontal) in the Periodic Table of Elements.
Metal is the most common classification of elements.
A group or family is a combination of elements that are shown as a
column in the Periodic Table of Elements. These elements share the
same number of valence electrons and react with the same elements.
Metalloids are the elements located along the staircase or zig-zag
line on the Periodic Table of Elements.
Noble Gasses is the name of the column of elements that don’t react
with other elements.
Chemical Reactions and Equations
.
Law of Conservation of Mass or Matter is the principle that the
amount of matter in a normal chemical reaction doesn’t change so
the total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the
products.
Physical Change is a change in shape or form.
Law of Conservation of Energy is the principle that the total amount
energy stays the same during a chemical reaction.
Ionic Bond is a chemical bond formed as a result of the attraction of
oppositely charged ions.
Activation Energy is the minimum amount of energy required to start
a reaction.
Exothermic Reaction is a chemical reaction that liberates energy to
the environment.
Endothermic Reaction is a chemical reaction the absorbs energy.
Reactants are the elements and compounds that go into a reaction.
These appear on the left side of the arrow that is read as yields.
Products are the elements and compounds that come out of a
reaction. These appear on the right side of the equation.
Yields is how the arrow in the chemical equation is read.
Temperature is measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms
and molecules.