Download World History Chapter 14 Test - World History and Honors History 9

World History Chapter 15 Test
Name: ________________________________
Matching Match each term with the correct statement below. (2 pts)
a. annul
b. gravity
c. patron
d. perspective
e. theocracy
____
1. Person who provides financial support
____
2. Artistic technique that creates a three-dimensional appearance
____
3. Government run by church leaders
____
4. To cancel
____
5. The force that keeps the planets in orbit around the sun
a. John Calvin
b. Henry VIII
c. Leonardo da Vinci
d. Lorenzo de’ Medici
e. Niccolò Machiavell
____
6. Wealthy merchant and patron of the arts
____
7. Italian painter and inventor
____
8. Author of The Prince
____
9. Religious reformer who believed in predestination
____ 10. King who established the Church of England
a. heliocentric
b. humanism
c. indulgence
d. predestination
e. recant
____ 11. Intellectual movement that focused on worldly subjects rather than on religious issues
____ 12. A lessening of punishment for sins
____ 13. To give up one’s views
____ 14. The idea that God determined long ago who would achieve salvation
____ 15. Centered around the sun
a. Copernicus
b. Dürer
c. Luther
d. Newton
e. Petrarch
____ 16. Humanist and author of Sonnets to Laura
____ 17. Painter who brought the Italian Renaissance to Germany
____ 18. German monk who attacked indulgences
____ 19. Scholar who believed the sun was at the center of the universe
____ 20. Scientist who discovered the law of gravity
Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. (2 pts)
____ 21. The artists of the Renaissance focused on
a. humanistic concerns.
b. the spiritual world.
c. the universe.
d. the Catholic Church.
____ 22. Why is Albrecht Dürer often compared to Leonardo da Vinci?
a. He spoke several languages.
c. He painted many scenes of peasants.
b. He had wide-ranging interests.
d. He studied art in Spain.
____ 23. The development of printing in Europe led to
a. religious tolerance.
b. increased competition with China.
c. increased literacy.
d. increased corruption in the Roman Catholic Church.
____ 24. Luther criticized the Roman Catholic Church for
a. selling indulgences.
c. translating the Bible into German.
b. preaching forgiveness.
d. believing in the Bible.
____ 25. Copernicus proposed which of the following?
a. The sun travels around the Earth.
c. Gravity keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.
b. The Earth travels around the sun.
d. The Earth is the center of the universe.
Figure 14-1
____ 26. Which of the following had a population of about 13 million in the year 1500 according to Figure 14-1?
a. France and the Lowlands
c. Spain
b. Germany and Scandinavia
d. Italy
____ 27. According to Figure 14-1, what was the population of the British Isles in 1400?
a. 5 million
c. 4 million
b. 3 million
d. 15 million
____ 28. Which country, or group of countries, had a population of 8 million in 1450 according to Figure 14-1?
a. France and the Lowlands
c. Germany and Scandinavia
b. Italy
d. Spain
____ 29. What was the population of Italy in 1500 according to Figure 14-1?
a. 9.5 million
c. 10 million
b. 12 million
d. 11 million
____ 30. Which of the following contributed to the birth of the Renaissance in Italy?
a. a new translation of the Bible
c. the development of oil painting
b. a wealthy and powerful merchant class
d. the rise of Protestantism
____ 31. Which of the following best explains why the Renaissance occurred in northern Europe later than it did in
Italy?
a. There was little interest in the arts in northern Europe.
b. The Black Death delayed economic growth in northern Europe.
c. Few people were educated in northern Europe.
d. Northern Europe was a region of peasants.
____ 32. Which of the following was an effect of the printing revolution in the 1500s?
a. the spread of new ideas
c. increased competition with China
b. decreased funding for the arts
d. the beginning of compulsory education
____ 33. Luther believed that
a. good deeds were necessary for salvation.
b. the Pope was the sole religious authority.
c. the Bible was a hoax.
d. salvation could be achieved through faith alone.
____ 34. How did Henry VIII react when the Pope refused to annul his marriage?
a. He started a war.
b. He took over the English church.
c. He started the Reformation.
d. He imposed fines on the Roman Catholic Church.
____ 35. Which of the following stressed the use of experiments and observation in seeking knowledge?
a. Bacon
c. Aristotle
b. Descartes
d. Petrarch
____ 36. Renaissance architects favored
a. the Gothic style.
b. Chinese styles.
c. the Greek and Roman style.
d. medieval architecture.
____ 37. How rulers could gain and maintain power was the focus of The Prince, a book by
a. Francesco Petrarch.
c. Niccolò Machiavelli.
b. Filippo Brunelleschi.
d. Michelangelo.
____ 38. Why was Albrecht Dürer called the“German Leonardo”?
a. He was an excellent painter.
c. He had traveled to Italy.
b. He was a German scholar.
d. He had wide-ranging interests.
____ 39. How did the printing press affect Europe?
a. The price of books rose to pay for the new technology.
b. More people learned to read and write.
c. Books were available to only a limited few.
d. Trade declined with the increase in books.
____ 40. Which Renaissance writer had the most far-reaching influence?
a. Cervantes
c. Rabelais
b. Shakespeare
d. Bruegel
____ 41. To pay for Church projects, the clergy
a. raised fees and sold indulgences.
b. waged wars.
c. traded with other nations.
d. taxed Roman citizens.
____ 42. Luther believed that souls could be saved only through
a. the Church.
c. buying indulgences.
b. faith.
d. participating in a crusade.
____ 43. Calvin taught that only those who were saved could
a. marry.
c. live Christian lives.
b. become priests.
d. have success in life.
____ 44. Who were most often accused of being witches?
a. women
b. children
c. men
d. clergy
____ 45. What was one result of the Council of Trent?
a. war with France
b. excommunication of Luther
c. abolishment of the Catholic Church
d. reaffirmation of traditional views
____ 46. Why did Henry VIII break from the Catholic Church?
a. to please his subjects
c. to annul his marriage
b. to keep wealth in England
d. to become an Anabaptist
____ 47. What sort of religious policy did Elizabeth pursue during her reign?
a. one of strict compliance with Catholic rituals
c. abolishment of the Catholic Church
b. one of compromise between Catholics and Protestants
d. one that led England into a religious war
____ 48. Most experts rejected the work of Copernicus because it
a. contradicted Ptolemy’s ideas.
c. was too far-fetched.
b. was not based on experimentation.
d. exaggerated the importance of the Earth.
____ 49. Galileo had to withdraw his theories about the Earth’s rotation because
a. he found out he was wrong.
c. the ideas had caused him public ridicule.
b. the Church threatened him with death if he did not.
d. he wished to do more research.
____ 50. Galen’s ancient works were incorrect in many aspects of
a. human anatomy.
c. religion.
b. archaeology.
d. architecture.
Short Answer/Essay - Answer the following questions on a separate piece of paper. (10 pts)
51. Identify three of the following and describe how they contributed to the Renaissance in Europe: Albrecht Dürer,
Michelangelo, William Shakespeare, Leonardo da Vinci, Jan and Hubert van Eyck, Johannes Gutenberg , Niccolo
Machiavelli.
52. Explain why the development of printing is described as a “revolution.”
53. List three ways the Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation.
54. How did the Scientific Revolution threaten the Catholic Church?
55. Explain why Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church and what social and religious changes occurred as a
result.
1. C
2. D
3. E
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. E
9. A
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. E
14. D
15. A
16. E
17. B
18. C
19. A
20. D
21. A
22. B
23. C
24. A
25. B
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
B
C
B
D
B
B
A
D
B
A
C
C
D
B
B
A
B
C
A
D
C
B
A
B
A
51. Durër - “German Leonardo” painter/engraver who brought Italian Renaissance ideas to Germany;
Michelangelo- painter and sculptor, helped design St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome, painted frescos on the ceiling of
the Sistine Chapel of the Vatican.
Shakespeare—great English poet and playwright, wrote 37 plays - comedy, history, tragedy, and misplaced ambition
that focus on the powerful forces that affect humanity; added over 1700 new words
Leonardo da Vinci - Da Vinci was a true Renaissance man. This Italian was an architect, engineer, painter, sculptor,
and scientist. He painted both The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa.
Jan and Hubert van Eyck - Flemish painters, developed oil paint, realistic style of painting that focused on the
common person
Johann Gutenberg - the first to use moveable metal type to print a Bible
Niccolo Machiavelli. - Machiavelli was a diplomat and historian who sought to describe government not in terms of
lofty ideals but in the way it actually worked. His most famous work is The Prince.
52. The printing revolution brought huge changes. The availability of books increased access to knowledge and exposed
people to new ideas. This, in turn, influenced thought and affected movements for change.
53. appointed reformers to key posts within the papacy,
established the Council of Trent,
stepped up the
Inquisition,
recognized a new religious order to spread the Catholic faith,
reformed convents and monasteries.
54. It challenged the whole system of human knowledge upon which the medieval world was grounded. The scientific
method, based on objective data, undermined Church teachings, which were rooted in ancient biblical and classical
beliefs and based on subjective experiences and observations.
55. Henry VIII wanted to annul his marriage so that he could marry a different woman, in the hopes of a male heir.
Angry when the pope refused to grant the annulment, Henry took the English church from the pope’s control and created
the Church of England. Many loyal Catholics refused to take an oath accepting the new church and were executed for
treason. Henry also closed Catholic convents and monasteries and seized their land and wealth, giving them to nobles to
win their support. The new church, however, kept most Catholic forms of worship.