Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Musicianship notes - University High School 2014
Document related concepts
Transcript
Musicianship Midterm Notes Audition is to music as thinking is to speaking.” Values of Intervals Qualitative What it sounds like, and number of half steps. Quantitative # of interval. i.e. 2nd, 3rd… Definition of a Scale Succession of consecutive pitches Definition of Intervals Distance between two pitches Musical Textures Monophonic- one melody Polyphonic- two independent melodies Homophonic- two melodies working together Intervallic Content Maj. Scale = WWHWWWH Harmonic Minor = WHWWH‘A2’H Accidentals (sharps, flats, naturals) # sharp- raises pitch one half step x double sharp- raises pitch two half steps, or one full step b flat- lowers pitch one half step bb double flat- lowers pitch two half steps, or one full step natural- cancels out all sharps and flats, including key signature Enharmonic Equivalence Two pitches that sound the same, but are notated differently Tetrachords Four consecutive pitches, two tetra cords make a scale Resting tones Major- Do Minor- La Dorian- Re Mixolydian- Sol The Elements of Music Rhythm Melody Harmony Form in Music Call and Response- Solo then Echo Srofic- Repetition and Contrast Definition and Parts of a Triad Three pitches together built on thirds Root- Bottom tone, names triad 3rd- Middle tone 5th- Top tone Types of Harmonic Motion Oblique- Drone with a melody played over top Similar- Two melodies moving together Contrary- Two melodies moving in opposite directions Principle Functions Major- I IV V Minor- i iv V Dorian- i IV V Mixolydian- I VII Innovator and Developer of the Gothic Period Hildegard Von B“ingen Traveling Musicians Troubardors- South France Trouveres- North France Minnesingers- Germany Minstrels- England Polyphonic Organum Developed by Perotin Magister First great Polyphonic textured music Harmonic Language of Gothic Period Perfect intervals P4 P5 P8 Definition of Music Art of organizing sounds into meaningful patterns. Types of melodies Conjunct- by steps Disjunct- by skips National Music Accosiated with a country or people Traditional Music No know composer No written notation Passed down across generations Triad Qualities Major- M3+m3, sounds happy Minor- m3+M3, sounds sad Augmented- M3+M3, sounds like its going somewhere Deminished- m3+m3, sounds sinister Scale Degrees, Roman numberals and functions in major tonality Tonic-SuperTonic-Mediant-SubDominant-Dominant-SubMediant-LeadingTone I ii iii IV V vi vii° Identifying Key Signatures Father # is Ti Charels b is Fa Goes Maj. is Do Down Min. is La And Ends Battle Advances in music by era Paleolithic Music is created by humans. This is done with the copy of the sounds of nature, shown with the Ba nbuti Crickets song. Neolithic Music advances and a call and response form is created. Music is now moved from a mithical device to a task driven use, shown in the Irish cloth song. Medieval Gregorian chants are developed in Oblique motion, done with drone and simple a simple melody. Early Gothic Hildigard Moved to simple polyfonic texture and extended range of melody. Middle Gothic Development of Polyfonic Organum shows mastery of simplistic polyfonic textures in music. Done with most mastery by Perotine. Intervalic Content Chart 0 Perfect Unison (PU) 1 Minor Second (m2) 2 Major Second (M2) 3 Minor Third (m3) 4 Major Third (M3) 5 Perfect Forth (P4) 6 Dininished Fifth or Augmented Fourth (D5, A4) 7 Perfect Fifth (P5) 8 Minor Sixth or Augmented Fifth (m6, A5) 9 Major Sixth (M6) 10 Minor Seventh or Augmented Sixth (m7, A6) 11 Major Seventh (M7) 12 Perfect Octave (P8) 13 Minor Ninth (m9) 14 Major Ninth (M9) 15 Minor Tenth (m10) 16 Major Tenth (M10) Other Definitions Relitve keys- major and minor keys with the same do Parallel keys- major and minor keys with the same starting pitch Intervalic Contents Major- WWHWWWH Natural Minor- WHWWHWW Harmonic Minor- WHWWH’A2’H Melodic Minor- up WHWWWWH down WWHWWHW Ars Antiqua- The music of the Medival Period Ars Nova- The music of the Gothic Period Cantus Firmus (fixed melody)- The basis and foundation for the majority of the part music of Medival and Gothic Periods. Many were derived from Gregorian Chants. Modes Ionian- CDEFGAB Dorian- DEFGABC Phrygian- EFGABCD Lydian- FGABCDE Mixolydian- GABCDEF Aeolian- ABCDEFG Locrian- BCDEFGA Duration- The length of individual sounds and tones. Rhythm is a funtion of duration Augmentation- increasing (lengthening) the duration of a sound Diminution- decreasing (shortening) the duration of a sound Visionary, Unique, Master, Prolific- attributes of a great composer Art Music- Strategic Plan | V Realizing Artistic Vision | V Higher order Musical Thinking
