Download Chapters 5-7 Power Point

Chapter 5: MELODY

Melody - A series of single tones
that add up to a recognizable whole


Melodic line/melodic curve
Steps and leaps

Pg. 49-53




Legato/Staccato
Phrase, Cadence
Sequence
Theme
LISTENING TO MELODY

“Over the Rainbow” from The
Wizard of Oz


Harold Arlen
Judy Garland singing
Chapter 6: HARMONY


Harmony – 2 or more tones
sounding simultaneously
Chord – combination of three or
more tones sounded simultaneously




Chord progression – series of chords
Triad
Tonic/Dominant
Arpeggio

Consonance vs. Dissonance



Consonance – a tone combination
that is stable
Dissonance – a tone combination that
is unstable
Resolution – when a dissonance moves
to consonance
LISTENING FOR CHORDS

Look in books on pg. 56

“Prelude in E Minor for Piano”

Frederic Chopin
Chapter 7: Key

Melodies built around a central
note; all other notes gravitate
toward it.


Example: sing My Country ‘Tis of Thee
but don’t sing the last note.
How is it that it makes you uneasy?



Tonic – The central tone of a
melody. When a piece is in the key
of C major, for example, C is the
tonic.
Key (tonality) involves a scale, a
range of notes.
Melodies typically end on the tonic.

Scale – the basic pitches of a song
arranged in order from low to high
or from high to low.


2 common types: Major and minor
Scales are just combinations of
different-sized intervals, or steps.



Half Step – smallest interval used in
Western music
Whole Step – twice as big
Formula for a Major scale:
WWHWWWH

Major Scale



Sounds like “Do re mi fa so la ti do”
7 pitches, arriving at high “do” an
octave away
Formula for a Major scale:
WWHWWWH
C D E F G A B C
W W H W W W H

Minor scale

WHWWHWW

Chromatic Scale


Still has range of octave
Uses all half steps, all 12 black and
white keys within an octave

Key Signatures


Songs based on major scales are
“major” or “in a major key”
Songs based on minor scales are
“minor” or “in a minor key”

Key Signature – sharp or flat signs
immediately following the clef sign
at the beginning of a piece of
music, indicating the key in which
the music is played (the scale on
which it is based)

E Flat Major
Eb
F G Ab Bb C
D Eb

Modulation – shifting between
different keys, or tonalities, within
one song.

Tonic Key – “home base” tonality
when modulating