Download Phonics I: Letter-Sound Relations

Phonics I: Letter-Sound Relations
EDC424
Why teach letter-sound relations?
Case 1: What does this student struggle with?
Words known
and
bat
cut
he
hot
mom
no
Words not known
an
but
me
not
Good sight word knowledge, but it’s masking student’s lack of
understanding of the alphabetic principle:
(1) sounds are represented by letters and
(2) those letters represent the sounds rather consistently
Case 2: What does she struggle with?
Pseudoword
kot
swip
gan
dree
shub
flate
meep
Child’s response
ka
s
ga
da…er
ser
fa
mech
Some knowledge of first sound in a syllable, but little ability
to decode the vowel and final phoneme
Needs: teach vowel sounds; how to blend sounds into a
word; words need to make sense*
Case 3: What does this 3rd grader struggle with?
Word
cold
soon
war
figure
certain
mineral
paragraph
Child’s response
could
same
wear
finger
curtur
material
potograph
Paying attention to beginning and final grapheme but
ignores middle grapheme and pulls from words he knows
Needs: attention to medial letters/sounds and monitoring
What do children need to know and
be able to do to read words?
• Know the speech sounds associated with
written letters in words
• Know how to put those sounds together to
form a pronounceable word
• Have a strong sense of English spelling/writing
patterns
• Recognize words rapidly
Isabel Beck, 2006
Isabel Beck, 2006
Principles of Teaching
Letter-Sound Correspondence
1. Instruction should highlight letter-sound relationship at all
positions in the word (e.g., beginning, middle, end)
2. Instruction should link phonemic awareness with letter
sound correspondence
Three perspectives:
1. Phonemic awareness  Decoding
2. Decoding  Phonemic awareness
3. ** Phonemic Awareness   Decoding
No evidence that engaging children in sophisticated speechonly tasks (substitution/manipulation) will improve
decoding. In fact, some evidence that knowledge of letters
helps complete these sophisticated tasks (Isabel Beck, 2006).
Isabel Beck, 2006
Letter-Sound Instruction
• Sequence: Consonants > Vowels > Sounds represented
by more than one letter (ee, ai, ph, ng)
• Lesson Sequence for Teaching Consonant Letter-Sound
Correspondence
1. Develop phonemic awareness by focusing on the sound
represented by a particular letter in the initial position.
2. Connect the printed letter with the sound the letter
represents.
3. Discriminate among words that have letter-sound in the initial
position and those that do not.
4. Develop phonemic awareness by focusing on the sound in the
final position.
5. Discriminate among words that have letter-sound in the final
position and those that do not.
6. Discriminate among words that have the letter-sound in the
initial and final positions.
Isabel Beck, 2006
Vowel-Sound Correspondence
(same as consonants but focus on initial & medial)
1. Focus on short vowel sound in initial position
2. Connect sound with letter
3. Discriminate words that have that vowel sound at
beginning and other words that do not
4. Focus on short vowel sound in medial position
5. Discriminate words that have that vowel sound in
the middle and other words that do not
6. Discriminate among words that have the lettersound in the initial and final positions.
Once you teach, provide LOTS of practice
(model, shared, interactive, guided, independent)
Model/Shared (Sharing Circle > Centers)
• Mrs. Jones’ Kindergarten Letter Names and Letter
Sounds
• Song Lyrics for Children (more on YouTube)
Guided/Independent (Center activities)
• Read Write Think: Picture Match
• Starfall: ABC Alphabet
Monitor/Reteach
• PALS Phonological Awareness Literacy Activities (that
correlate with PALS assessment)
Empty versions of slides for
handouts
Case 1: What does this student struggle with?
Words known
and
bat
cut
he
hot
mom
no
Words not known
an
but
me
not
Case 2: What does she struggle with?
Pseudoword
kot
swip
gan
dree
shub
flate
meep
Child’s response
ka
s
ga
da…er
ser
fa
mech
Case 3: What does this 3rd grader struggle with?
Word
cold
soon
war
figure
certain
mineral
paragraph
Child’s response
could
same
wear
finger
curtur
material
potograph