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Welcome!!! Brain Boost Finish WHII.5 Practice Test if you didn’t for homework! Name Date WHII.5 Global Trade Practice Test _____ 1.Where did the Ottoman Empire begin? a. Asia Minor b. Arabia c. Persia d. India _____ 2.Which city did the Ottomans capture and turn into their capital? a. Athens c. Constantinople b. Rome d. Alexandria _____ 3.Which two goods were traded by the Ottoman Empire? a. salt and slaves b. gold and diamonds c. valuable minerals d. coffee and ceramics _____ 4.What was the religion of the Ottoman Empire? a. Christianity b. Hinduism c. Islam d. Buddhism _____ 5.Which one of these was not a method used by Suleiman The Magnificent to unify the Ottoman Empire? a. following Islam social laws c. simplifying the tax system b. preparing a successful heir d. reducing government bureaucracy _____ 6.Shah Jahan built a tomb for his wife now known as: a. Taj Mahal b. Hagia Sophia c. Mandate of Heaven d. Hanging Gardens _____ 7.Which three European countries traded with the Ottoman Empire? a. England, France, Spain b. Portugal, Netherlands, England c. Italy, Germany France d. Spain, Netherlands, France _____ 8.Where did the Mughal Empire do most of its trading? a. Mediterranean Sea b. Pacific Ocean c. Persian Gulf d. Indian Ocean _____ 9.Where was the Mughal Empire Located? a. South India b. Persia c. East Asia d. North India _____ 10.What was the DOMINANT religion of the Mughal Empire? a. Christianity c. Buddhism b. Hinduism d. Islam _____ 11.What did the Chinese do to prevent outside influence on Chinese trade? a. only the government was to conduct foreign trade. b. foreigners had to live in certain areas called enclaves. c. the government minimized foreign influence d. all of the above 8 7 1 6 5 4 9 3 2 1. Ottoman Empire 2. Mughal Empire 3. China (Ming and Qing) 4. Japan (Tokugawa) 5. Spain 6. Portugal 7. France 8. Great Britain 9. Africa (Songhai) QUARTER 1 EXAM • WHII.2-5; 15 • 35 questions on computer. • Counts as a summative test grade (70%). Virginia Standards of Learning World History & Geography 1500 to Present WHII.2 WORLD RELIGIONS 2012-2013 Christianity (MONOtheistic) •World’s largest religion •Jesus Christ is Messiah •Holy Book: Old AND New Testaments Islam (MONOtheistic) •Located in Asia and N. Africa (MECCA & MEDINA) •Muhammad is Prophet; Allah is God •Quran (Koran) Judaism (MONOtheistic) •Israel and small groups around the world •Yahweh is God •Torah only the OLD Testament Christianity (MONOtheistic) • World’s largest religion • Jesus Christ is Messiah • Holy Book: Old AND New Testaments Islam (MONOtheistic) • Located in Asia and N. Africa (MECCA & MEDINA) • Muhammad is Prophet; Allah is God • Quran (Koran) Judaism (MONOtheistic) • Israel and small groups around the world • Yahweh is God • Torah only the OLD Testament Buddhism •East and Southern Asia •Founded by Siddhartha Gautama (renamed Buddha-Enlightened One) •Reincarnation •Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path Hinduism(POLYtheistic) •India (Southern Asia) •Many gods •Reincarnation •Vedas and Upanishads Buddhism • East and Southern Asia • Founded by Siddhartha Gautama (renamed Buddha-Enlightened One) • Reincarnation • Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path Hinduism(POLYtheistic) • India (Southern Asia) • Many gods • Reincarnation • Vedas and Upanishads Virginia Standards of Learning World History & Geography 1500 to Present WHII.2 THE WORLD AT 1500 2012-2013 Renaissance – “Rebirth” of Greco-Roman knowledge. Spread from Italian City-States to Northern Europe. Michelangelo - Painted Sistine Chapel - Carved David and Pieta Da Vinci - Painted Mona Lisa and The Last Supper - Renaissance Man (painter, sculptor, architect) Shakespeare - Playwright (drama) - Romeo & Juliet, Macbeth, King Lear, etc. Humanism – Emphasis on human intellect and scholarship. Petrarch - Father of Humanism - Sonnets to Laura Erasmus - Praise of Folly - Criticized Catholic Church Medici – family in Florence supported the arts and the Renaissance. Machiavelli - The Prince - Rulers should seek power and success at any price. Sir Thomas More - Utopia - How to create the perfect world. Virginia Standards of Learning World History & Geography 1500 to Present WHII.3 THE REFORMATION 2012-2013 The Protestant Reformation Catholic Church - Selling indulgences to lessen punishments for sin. - Pope maintained absolute power. - Against Usury Catholics - Forbidden to practice usury. - Angered by Italian domination. - Had to buy indulgences and follow church law. Reformation in Germany Martin Luther (Lutheranism) - Posted 95 Theses, starting the Protestant Reformation - Refused to Recant at Diet of Worms; Excommunicated Faith Alone Ultimate Authority – Bible, not Pope Nobody more important to God Thirty Years War - Hapsburg Family supported Catholics and German Princes supported Luther (for freedom and power). - Civil War breaks out, and Cardinal Richelieu (France) supports the Protestants to defeat the Hapsburgs and take power. Reformation in France John Calvin (Calvinism) - Fled to Geneva, Switzerland and established a Theocracy. - Wrote Institutes on the Christian Religion. Predestination – God elects the faithful. One’s morality – Actions will show election into the faith. Word – God’s word (Bible) is ultimate authority. Edict of Nantes - King Henry of France, converted to Protestantism after becoming King. - Signed the EDICT OF NANTES giving freedom to French Protestants (Huguenots – Calvinists). Reformation in England King Henry VIII - Creates Anglican Church and names himself leader when the Pope denies his divorce. - Catholic Church loses all power and wealth in England. Elizabeth I - Reorganizes Anglicanism. - Names Anglicanism the Official Church of England. - Defeats Spanish Armada in 1588. Catholic Counter Reformation Ignatius de Loyola - Founded the Jesuits (Society of Jesus) to keep believers in the Catholic Faith. Catholic Church - Inquisition: Court to try and punish Catholic heretics. - Council of Trent: Reaffirmed Catholic Doctrine; ended indulgences, still said Pope is ultimate authority. Virginia Standards of Learning World History & Geography 1500 to Present WHII.4 AGE OF DISCOVERY 2012-2013 Motivations for Exploration Constantinople falls and Europe turns towards the Atlantic. God - Colonists convert indigenous people to Christianity. Gold - Gain wealth with gold and other natural resources. Glory - Political & econ. strength. - Prince Henry the Navigator inspires exploration. Spain, Portugal, England, and France Sailed For Discovered/ Accomplished Christopher Columbus Spain The New World (Hispaniola, Caribbean Islands) Hernando Cortez Conquistador Spain Defeated Aztec Empire (S. America) Spain Defeated Inca, Peru Empire (S. America) Explorer Franciso Pizzaro Conquistador Explorer Sailed For Discovered/ Accomplished Jacques Cartier France Canada John Cabot England Northern route to Americas (Newfoundland, New England) Vasco da Gama Portugal Trade route to India Pedro Cabral Portugal Brazil (S. America) Exploration in the Americas Colonies established in North and South America Support Mother Country Spread Mother Country Culture Demise of Aztec & Inca Empires in South America Rigid colonial rule est. Forced migration of slaves to work. Columbian Exchange and Triangular Trade begin Natural Resources exported Slaves and diseases imported NEW WORLD HORSES CATTLE SMALLPOX The Columbian Exchange AFRICA SLAVES OLD WORLD CORN POTATOES TOBACCO Exploration in Africa Colonial Trading posts established along the coasts Triangular Trade Gold and Slaves EXported Manufactured goods (rum, textiles) IMported. Europe sends manufactured goods (textiles, rum) to Africa. America sends natural resources (cotton, tobacco, sugar) to Europe. SLAVES Africa sends slaves to America based upon race. Exploration in Asia Dutch (Netherlands) and English discover spice trade in Southeast Asia European Trade Companies Established Dutch East Indies form a MONOPOLY British East Indies eventually control the spice trade Virginia Standards of Learning World History & Geography 1500 to Present WHII.5 GLOBAL TRADE 2012-2013 Geography • Original Location: Asia Minor/ Anatolia • Modern Location: Turkey • Capital: Constantinople, renamed Istanbul Europe Africa Asia Ottoman Empire Expansion • North Africa, Southwest Asia, Northeast Europe Development • Unifying Force: Islamic Religion • Trade: Coffee and Ceramics Suleiman “the Magnificent” • Established Islamic Social Laws • Simplified Taxes • Reduced Government Mughal Empire Geography Contributions • Original AND Modern Location: Northern India • Spread of Islam into India • Indian Ocean Trade • Influence of British Textiles • Taj Mahal: Tomb for the wife of Shah Jahan China & Japan China • Enclaves: Keep foreigners out. • Isolationism: Stay away from foreigners. • Increase in European demand for goods. Japan • Weak Emperor (Gov’t), Strong SHOGUN (Military) • Isolationism • Mathew Perry negotiates trade Ottoman Empire Mughal Empire Africa Imports • Manufactured Goods • Corn • Peanuts Exports • Slaves • Gold • Ivory Trade Geography • Triangular Trade • Slaves along the Middle Passage Mercantilism • What is it? – There is a FIXED amount of wealth, so in order to get more, it must be taken from someone else. – Colonies should benefit the Mother Country Power 8 7 1 6 5 4 9 3 2 1. Ottoman Empire 2. Mughal Empire 3. China (Ming and Qing) 4. Japan (Tokugawa) 5. Spain 6. Portugal 7. France 8. Great Britain 9. Africa (Songhai)