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Cells
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Did you know?
There are more
bacterial cells in
the body than
human cells
• Scientists have
estimated that
95% of all cells in
the body are
bacteria
• Majority are in the
digestive tract
•
Cells
Different Kinds of Cells
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2
Cells
Cells in Humans
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Cells
Muscle Cells
Smallest unit of life
• Different shapes and sizes
• Each kind of cell has a different function
• Two types of cells:
• Prokaryotic — single-celled organisms
• Eukaryotic — multi-cellular organisms
•
Contract and relax
• Allows us to move our body
•
TB Pages 40 - 41
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Cells in Humans
Cells in Humans
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Skin Cells
Nerve Cells
It is a barrier
• Prevents harmful
substances to enter
our body
•
•
TB Pages 40 - 41
Carry messages
• Brain to all parts of
the body
• All parts of the
body to the brain
TB Pages 40 - 41
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Cells in Humans
Cells in Humans
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
Carries oxygen and
carbon dioxide
• Circulates around
the body
Protects our body
• Fights diseases
• “Soldiers”
•
•
TB Pages 40 - 41
TB Pages 40 - 41
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8
Cells in Humans
Cells in Humans
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Bone Cells
Gamete Cells
Gives our body shape
• Allows us to move
For reproduction
• Sperm cell
• Egg cell
•
•
TB Pages 40 - 41
TB Pages 40 - 41
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10
Cells in Plants
Cells in Plants
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Guard Cells
Mesophyll Cells
Found in the leaf
• Controls the stomata
• Openings of the leaf
that allow gases to
go in and out.
Found in the leaf
• Contains chloroplasts
•C o n t a i n s
the
chlorophyl
• Traps energy from
the
sun
for
photosynthesis
•
•
TB Pages 42 - 43
TB Pages 42 - 43
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Cells in Plants
Cells in Plants
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Xylem and Phloem Cells
Root Hair Cells
Xylem
• Transports water
and mineral salts
• Phloem
• Sieve tube cells
• Transports glucose
from the leaf to the
other parts of the
plant
Found in the roots
• Transports water and
mineral salts
• Absorbs water and
mineral salts
•
•
TB Pages 42 - 43
TB Pages 42 - 43
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14
Cells
Cells
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Kinds of Cells and Functions
Did you know?
Why do cells need energy?
To carry our their function — move substances
in and out of the cell
• To grow
• To carry out
•
•
15
Brain cells need
2 times more
energy than the
other cells of the
body.
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Cells
Cells
Cell Division
Cell Division
Cell Division
Mitosis
Cells grow and multiply
• Cells divide into two or more cells
•
•
Cell division in multicellular organisms
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Cells
Cells
Cell Division
Cell Division
Binary Fission
Mitosis and Binary Fission — Venn Diagram
Cell division in
bacteria
and
paramecia
—
unicellular organism
• The cell divides into
two and each one
becomes a new cell
• Divides into nearly
equal size
•
BINARY
FISSION
Unicellular
Organisms
Prokaryotic
Cells
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•
•
•
CELL
DIVISION
Divides into 2
Almost equal in
size
Identical as the
parent cell
20
MITOSIS
Multicellular
Organisms
Eukaryotic
Cells