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Download The Auditory System - Neurobiology of Hearing
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The human auditory system Auditory cortex Medial geniculate body (Thalamus) Dorsal cochlear nucleus Ventral cochlear nucleus Inferior colliculus Lateral lemniscus Superior olive Cochlea Spiral ganglion (Adapted from Bear et al) The topotopic organization is present along the auditory system The organisation and function of the auditory thalamus From Bear Connors and Paradiso: Neuroscience, Exploring the brain Medial geniculate body D La corteza M Thalamic reticular nucleus L V MGD IC (dorsal cortex) IC (external cortex) MGM Superior Colliculus VNLL MGV Po DNLL Cochlear nucleus Spinal cord IC (central) Thalamic reticular nucleus MGD Cortex: core & belt MGM MGV Cortex: belt & (core) Cortex: core Lateral Amygdala Outputs of the subdivisions of the medial geniculate body Ascending Auditory pathways CORTEX IT AI AII MGB M V D IC Figure 110.6 LC DC IC-CEN SC - Tegmentum GABA IC projections to MGB • GABA in the neuron (green) • Retrograde transport of red latex microspheres (red beads) Representation of sound frequency in the ventral MGB and lateral posterior group (PO) Imig and Morel 1985 Latency of firing to clicks in different divisions of MGB Anderson et al 2006 E J Neurosci Circuits for auditory fear conditioning Auditory cortex Amygdala Central MGM MGV Lateral Defence responses Behaviour Hypothalamus / pituitry Autonomic nervous system Conditioned stimulus -tone The auditory cortex Location of auditory cortex in human brain Planum Temporale Primary auditory cortex: Heschl’s gyrus The auditory cortex in the cat brain Caudal Rostral Multiple tonotopic maps in the cortex Rostral Caudal Properties of auditory cortical areas Cortical auditory areas in macaque monkey Frequency Low Narrow Medial R A1 CM Wide Bandwidth High Low High AL ML CL Parabelt areas Lateral Rostral Caudal after Rauschecker 1998 Rauschecker 2000 PNAS 97 11800 The dorsal and ventral stream hypothesis Posterior parietal cortex Where? Prefrontal cortex What? D Auditory cortex V
