Download Part A - Onion Cells

Name ______________________________________________ Period ____________ Date ________________
Plant Cell Lab
Purpose: Students will observe plant cells using a light microscope.
Two cells will be observed, one from the skin of an onion, and the
other from a common aquarium water plant (anacharis). Students
will compare both types of cells. See also: Plant Cell Lab Makeup,
which utilizes web resources to complete lab guide.
Prelab Questions
1. What is the function of chloroplasts?
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2. Name two structures found in plant cells but not animal cells.
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3. Name three structures found in plant cells AND in animal cells.
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4. What structure surrounds the cell membrane (in plants) and gives the cell
support.
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Part A - Onion Cells
Obtain a prepared slide of onion cells or prepare one yourself. View under the
microscope and sketch the cells at each magnification. Label the cells as they appear
under high power.
Part B - Elodea Cells
View a prepared slide of elodea (anacharis), which is an aquarium plant. As the slide
warms from the light of the microscope, you may see the chloroplasts moving, a
process called cytoplasmic streaming.
Post Lab Questions
1. Describe the shape and the location of chloroplasts.
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2. Why were no chloroplasts found in the onion cells? (hint: think about where
you find onions)
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3. Which type of cell was smaller - the onion cells or the elodea cells?
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4. Fill out the Venn diagram below to show the differences and similarities
between the onion cells and the elodea cells.
Onion Cells
Elodea Cells
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The Human Cheek Cell
Procedure:
1. Put a drop of methylene blue on a slide. CAUTION: methylene blue will stain
clothes and skin.
2. Gently scrape the inside of your cheek with the flat side of a toothpick. Scrape
lightly.
3. Stir the end of the toothpick in the stain and throw the toothpick away.
4. Place a coverslip onto the slide
5. Use the SCANNING objective to focus. You probably will not see the cells at
this power.
6. Switch to low power. Cells should be visible, but they will be small and look
like nearly clear purplish blobs. If you are looking at something very dark
purple, it is probably not a cell
7. Once you think you have located a cell, switch to high power and refocus.
(Remember, do NOT use the coarse adjustment knob at this point)
1. List the 3 parts of the Cell Theory
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2. Describe or define each of the following
--cell membrane: _____________________________________________________________________
--cytoplasm ___________________________________________________________________________
--nucleus ______________________________________________________________________________
--organelle ____________________________________________________________________________
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3. Sketch the cell at low and high power. Label the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell
membrane of a single cell. Draw your cells to scale.
Low Power
High Power
5. Why is methylene blue necessary?
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6. The light microscope used in the lab is not powerful enough to view other
organelles in the cheek cell. What parts of the cell were visible?
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6. List 2 organelles that were NOT visible but should have been in the cheek cell.
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7. Is the cheek cell a eukaryote or prokaryote? How do you know?
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8. Keeping in mind that the mouth is the first site of chemical digestion in a human.
Your saliva starts the process of breaking down the food you eat. Keeping this in
mind, what organelle do you think would be numerous inside the cells of your
mouth?
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