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Download Igor Stravinsky - The Spirit of Great Oak
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A Comparison of Argentine Tango and Igor Stravinsky Michelle Ko Argentina Demographic Capital: Buenos Aires Size: 2,780,400 sq km Population: 41,769,726 (2011) Ethnicity: white (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry), Amerindian, or other non-white groups 3% Religion: Roman Catholic 92%, Protestant 2%, Jewish 2%, other 4% History of Tango Earliest evidence of Tango dates back to the mid nineteenth century in Buenos Aires Around the turn of the century, many European immigrants arrived at Buenos Aires They brought with them a more lyrical style of violin playing, and the melodic influence of Neapolitan song, a key factor in the melodic beauty characteristic of Tango Around the year 1910, it is claimed that Bandoneóns were brought to Argentina by German immigrants The dance that was associated with the Tango music became a driving force in introducing the music to the world Bandoneón History of Tango cont.Nuevo Tango In the late 1940s, the music and the dance started to separate In 1955, nationalistic government that encouraged Tango was replaced by a new regime that discouraged Tango g Musicians were more interested in playing for a concert audience Many artists were blacklisted or imprisoned “New Tango” was formed by Astor Piazzolla who took elements of Tango but diverted from the tradition Renewed the interest in dance Primary Instruments Bandaneón Essential instrument in the tango orchestra In Germany, it was originally intended to play religious music Buttons instead of piano keys More compatible with chromatic tuning structure Bombo Luguero Made of a hollowed tree trunk and covered with cured skins of animals Serves as a combination of bass and percussion, not just maintaining the meter, but evoking an elemental, visceral response Erkencho Transverse horn Used for ritual purposes No reed in its mouthpiece Produces the notes available in the natural harmonic series El Choclo(1898)-Angel Villoldo Usually played with a Bandaneón or piano for tango dances 2/4 time Key: b minor (Measures 1-8) Begins with a diminished seventh Measure 2: Tonic Structure: A-B-C-AB-C (including the introduction Habanera bass Dynamics throughout the piece http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xE7gKEG8O9Y With Intro: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8YSUUeQhHA&feature=pla yer_embedded#! Key change: d minor (Measures 9-32) Starts with a pickup: three sixteenth notes B flat in the melody but does not belong in the d minor chord (D-F-A) Creates dissonance with bass line and tension Scattered Rhythm (“Call” and “response”) Chromatic scale present in the piece Scattered rhythm pattern (Call and Response) Key change back to the beginning (b minor) The tango eventually extended to Europe at the beginning of the 20th century. Its popularity soon spread as musicians and dancers from South America performed it in the European metropolises in the 1910s and 1920s. Gradually, composers in Europe began writing tangos… Igor Stravinsky Russian-born American composer Born in June 17, 1882 in Oranienbaum, Russia Biography Igor Stravinsky grew up in a music atmosphere His father was a leader bass Mariinsky Theatre in St Petersburg Acquired a love for musical theatre at a young age Never entered a music school or a consèrvatory, and never earned an academic degree in music. Stravinsky studied with Rimsky-Korsakov, who was an influence on his early music Stravinsky’s early works impressed Diaghilev (sponsor of entertainment) and invited him to arrange large scale ballet Diaghilev remained a supporter/sponsor throughout Stravinsky’s life Prominent Works Fireworks [Ballet] Petrushka The Rite of Spring The Firebird Histoire du Soldat (A Soldier’s Tale) Symphony in Eb Major Oedipus Rex, opera-oratorio Tango-Igor Stravinsky Originally for piano in 1940 Composed for chamber orchestra in 1953 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WCz-w8-ipG8 4/4 time Key: d minor Minimal dynamics Chromatic scale present in the piece Bass leads in Scattered rhythm Comparisons Similarities: El Choclo: 2/4 time Key of d minor Tango: Both chromatic scales leads into repetition of Written for variety of native instruments Structure: A-B-C-A-B-C Wide range of dynamics Key changes throughout the pattern Similar melodic rhythm Beat is sharp allowing it to be a dance music Scattered rhythms 4/4 time Written for piano Structure: Bass lead in Minimal dynamics Work Cited https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-worldfactbook/geos/ar.html http://www.carnegiehall.org/BlogPost.aspx?id=4294982543 http://www.totaltango.com/acatalog/tango_brief_intro_91.html http://www.notablebiographies.com/St-Tr/Stravinsky-Igor.html http://latinmusic.about.com/od/playlists/tp/TangoDanceSongs.htm
