Download Genetics Unit: 1. Heredity- the passing of traits from parent to young

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Heredity- the passing of traits from parent to young
Genetics- branch of Biology that studies heredity
Genes- factors that control traits
Genotype- genetic makeup (ex. TT, Tt or tt)
Genotypic Ratio- the proportion of genotypes for a particular parental cross
Traits- specific characteristics that vary from one individual to the next
Alleles- different forms of a gene
Dominant- effects of these genes are seen even when 2 different alleles are present
Recessive- form of a gene not expressed when paired with a dominant allele; only shows when another
recessive allele is present
Phenotype- physical characteristics (ex. tall or short)
Phenotypic Ratio- the proportion of phenotypes for a particular cross
Homo or Homeo- same
Homozygous- organism that has 2 identical alleles for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
Hetero- different
Heterozygous- organism that has 2 different alleles for a trait (ex. Tt)
Pedigree- chart that shows the relationships within a family
Karyotype- picture of an organisms chromosomes
Sex-Linked Traits- genes found only on the X chromosome and not on the Y
Co-Dominance- when both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype
Incomplete Dominance- when one allele is not completely dominant over another allele; it produces
offspring with a third phenotype, that is a blending of the parental traits