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Name KEY Date Period Lesson 3.1 Matter and the Environment Vocabulary Review. Define each vocabulary term in your own words. A) Matter B) Atom C) Element D) Nucleus E) Molecule F) Compound G) Hydrocarbon – H) Solution I) Macromolecule – J) Protein – K) Nucleic Acid – L) Carbohydrate – M) Lipid – N) pH Building Blocks of Chemistry. Match each term with the statement that best describes it. _____ 1. Celement a. the negatively charged part of an atom _____ 2. Aelectron b. water, for example _____ 3. Bcompound c. its properties cannot be broken down any further 4. Write a sentence that shows the relationship between matter and atoms. Atoms are the basic unit of matter 5. Give two examples of substances that contain hydrocarbons. Petroleum, wood smoke 1 Macromolecules. For the following questions, write the letter of the correct answer on the line provided. _____ 6. _____ 7. _____ 8. The characteristic that best defines a macromolecule is its a. size. b. function. All of the following macromolecules are polymers EXCEPT a. lipids. b. proteins. All of the following are part of a carbohydrate EXCEPT a. carbon. b. oxygen. c. d. life cycle. chemical makeup. c. d. nucleic acids. carbohydrates. c. d. hydrogen. phosphorus. 9. Explain how macromolecules are involved in passing traits from parents to offspring. DNA and RNA are examples of nucleic acids, which store and carry genetic information that is passed from one generation to the next Water. For the following questions, write True if the statement is true. If the statement is false, replace the underlined word to make the statement true. Write your changes on the line. _______________ 10. Water molecules adhere to each other through covalent bonds. F, hydrogen _______________ 11. Its cohesion allows water to transport nutrients and wastes in plants and animals. T _______________ 12. A solution with a pH less than 7 is basic. F, acidic 13. How does water resist changes in temperature? Water is able to absorb a lot of energy without a change in temperature because the heat only weakens the hydrogen bonds, it doesn’t break them or allow an increase in molecular motion 14. Why is water called “the universal solvent”? Water is polar and it can dissolve almost any other molecule Organize Information. Fill in the compare/contrast table below with information about the different types of macromolecules. Proteins Nucleic Acids Nucleotides Carbohydrates Lipids Monomer Amino acids Simple None sugars/monosaccharides Examples Muscle tissue, DNA, RNA hormones, enzymes Glucose, sucrose, cellulose Waxes, oils, hormones Function Speed up reactions Store/transmit genetic info Energy Energy, hormones 2