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Evolution Test Review (Chapters 16, 17)
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Question
Chapter 16
1. What was Lyell’s contribution to Darwin’s theory?
Answer
2.
What scientists influenced Darwin’s theory of evolution? (You
should name 4!)
Lamarck, Lyell, Malthus, Wallace
3.
What incorrect ideas did Lamarck have about evolution?
4.
How did Malthus help to shape Darwin’s theory of “survival of
the fittest”?
5.
What was the most famous place Darwin visited?
Use and disuse
Acquired characteristics passed down
Desire to change
If human population growth would be controlled
by war, famine, disease, would other organisms
be acted on in the same way? What factors?
Galapagos Islands
6.
What is natural selection?
7.
In evolutionary terms, to what does fitness refer?
Nature selects the best individuals for an
environment; those organisms survive and
reproduce, passing genes down
Ability to reproduce
8.
How does evidence from biogeography support the theory of
evolution?
Closely related but different (finches)
Distantly related but similar (large birds)
9.
Give five other pieces of evidence to support the theory of
evolution.
Fossils, homologous structures, vestigial
structures, embryology, molecular biology
Earth was much older than anyone thought
10. What are homologous structures? In your answer, be sure to
address both structure and function. Give one example.
Same structure, different function
forearm in bird/human/cat
11. What are analogous structures? In your answer, be sure to
address both structure and function. Give one example.
Same function, different structure (bat wing
and insect wing)
Does NOT support a common ancestor
Shows a common ancestor
12. How do homologous structures support evolution?
13. What are vestigial structures? Give one example
14. How does molecular evidence (DNA) provide support for
Darwin’s idea that all organisms descended (with changes) from
common ancestral species?
Chapter 17
15. What is a gene pool? How do changes in it show evolution?
Body parts no longer used, remnants of
structures needed in common ancestors
Every living thing uses DNA, some proteins
have similar DNA across all species
All the alleles for a particular species
16. What are three sources of genetic variation?
Mutation
Genetic recombination/sexual reproduction
Lateral Gene Transfer
17. How does a graph of phenotypes for a single trait differ from a
a graph of phenotypes for a polygenic trait? (Hint: Think about
Single gene trait – bar graph
Polygenic – bell curve
how many phenotypes each would produce!)
18. What are the three modes of selection on a polygenic trait?
Describe them.
19. How is genetic drift similar to natural selection?
Directional – same shape, shifts to left or
right
Stabilizing – selects for same phenotype,
tighter and taller curve
Disruptive – both ends have better fitness than
middle
Both change the gene pool
20. How is genetic drift dissimilar to natural selection?
Genetic drift is RANDOM and happens by
CHANCE
21. Give two examples of genetic drift.
Bottleneck, founder
22. What is the ONE requirement for speciation to occur? (The
species must undergo _?_ _?_).
Reproductive isolation
23. Name and briefly describe the three ways (the answer to #22)
can occur.
Behavioral – courtship rituals differ
Geographical – geographic barriers separate
populations
Temporal – reproduce during different times of
year or day
Other sources of review for this test:

Chapter 16-17 Review Worksheets

Evolution Big Ideas WS

End of Chapter Reviews (textbook) for Chapters 16-17

Google “Biology Keystone Evolution” and you will find many practice tests and review materials