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Transcript
A typology of reduplication in Cushitic (Maarten Mous) Reduplication occurs lexically and as grammatical process. The former is presumably often the result of the latter. Grammatical reduplication includes plural formation in nouns, frequentative on verbs and habitual on verbs. The epenthetic vowel a is the most commonly used epenthetic vowel in reduplication; outside reduplication, the most common vowel for epenthesis in Cushitic is i and this latter vowel also occur in reduplication, sometimes with a difference in meaning. The epenthetic vowel will undergo the regular vowel assimilation processes of the language, e.g. Iraqw ħeħe’ees from ħe’ees ‘to finish’ by assimilation through a gutteral consonant. Different languages may use one particular type of reduplication for different functions, for example, final reduplication is used for nominal pluratives in Somali and Alagwa but for habitual verb forms in Iraqw. Tendencies for a particular type of reduplication to be used for a specific function are discussed. The choice between reduplication types is functionally and lexically determined rather than phonologically. Reduplication may provide hints whether a segment is complex or not. The main reduplication types found in Cushitic are: 1. C1V1(V1)-, 2. C1a-., 3. C1V1C1-, 4. C1V1C2-, 5. C1V1C2-a, 6. -aCf . The frequentative, habitual, punctual are typically verbal derivations that involve reduplication. The typology of these derivations in Cushitic are presented in the paper.