Download Answer the following open ended review questions. Utilize a

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METEOROLOGY REVIEW
Directions: Answer the following open ended review questions. Utilize a diagram where appropriate and
do make sure that you label and describe the drawing.
Atmospheric Composition
1. What is the atmosphere?
2. What are the four most common gasses in the atmosphere and their percentages?
3. How would the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere change if there were no plants?
4. In addition to gasses, what other substances can be found in the atmosphere?
5. Compare Earth’s early atmosphere with the atmosphere today.
Atmospheric Layers
6. List the 4 main layers of the atmosphere.
4
3
2
1
GROUND - EARTH’S SURFACE
7. What properties are used to distinguish between each of the different layers of the
atmosphere?
8. Name and describe the conditions (temperature and pressure) of the four main layers of
Earth’s atmosphere.
Layer
4
3
2
1
Pressure
Temperature
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9. What happens to the temperature as you travel up through the atmosphere?
10. What happens to the temperature between each layer of the atmosphere?
11. What happens to the air pressure as you travel up through the atmosphere?
12. Why might the air pressure near the surface be greater than the air pressure above it?
13. Where might the Ozone layer be located…what happens to the temperature right above
this location?
Air Quality and Pollution
14. Define Pollution.
15. Name three different natural sources and three different human activities that lead to pollution.
16. Name three different human activities that lead to pollution.
17. Name and describe the two different types of smog below.
SMOG TYPE:
SMOG TYPE:
DESCRIPTION
18. Describe a temperature inversion below.
DESCRIPTION
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19. What is the relationship between the presence of a temperature inversion and the Air Quality?
20. Compare the effect of ozone in the troposphere with its effect in the stratosphere. Where is it
harmful? Where is it helpful?
21. What is acid rain?
22. How could burning high sulfur coal in a power plant harm a forest hundreds of kilometers away
Air Pressure and Isobars
23. Describe the relationship between the size of a planet, the thickness of the atmosphere, and the
atmospheric pressure at the surface.
24. [TRUE / FALSE] Air has mass because it is made of atoms, molecules and compounds.
_________________
25. [TRUE / FALSE] Air pressure is the weight of air pushing down on an area ONLY from above.
________________
26. [TRUE / FALSE] Molecules in motion have a higher air pressure than those not moving.
________________
27. What are the 3 influences of Air pressure? On the line to the right, describe the effect each has
on the air pressure.
INFLUENCE OF AIR PRESSURE
EFFECT ON AIR PRESSURE
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28. What is the difference between heat and temperature of a substance?
29. Describe what happens to the movement of air molecules and the density as heat is absorbed
from the boxes below.
30. Describe why colder air will sink while warmer are will rise below.
31. How does air pressure move along a pressure gradient?
32. Fill in the table below:
AIR PRESSURE
HIGH
LOW
Rise or Sink
Associated Weather
33. What instrument do meteorologists use to detect the air pressure of our atmosphere?
34. Using the station models pictured below, interpret the weather conditions.
Fig. 1
Temperature _________
Dew pt. ____________
Pressure _____________
Sky conditions __________
Precipitation ____________
Wind speed _______________________Knots
Km/hr
Direction _________________________
Wind speed _______________________
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Fig 2
Temperature _________
Dew pt. ____________
Pressure _____________
Sky conditions __________
Precipitation ____________
Wind speed _______________________Knots
Wind speed _______________________ Km/hr
Direction ____________
Fig 3
Temperature _________
Dew pt. ____________
Pressure _____________
Sky conditions __________
Precipitation ____________
Wind speed _______________________Knots
Km/hr
Wind speed _______________________
Direction ________________________
Energy in the Atmosphere
35. [TRUE / FALSE] The main source of energy in the atmosphere is referred to as conduction and
comes from the Sun. _______________________
36. When energy enters into our atmosphere what can happen to this energy?
a. ____________________________
b. ____________________________
37. What is Earth’s Energy budget?
c. Absorbed by Surface? ________________
d. Absorbed by Atmosphere and clouds? _______________
e. Reflected by Surface? ________________
f. Reflected by Atmosphere and clouds? _______________
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38. Draw a picture that represents what happens to the sun’s energy as it passes through the
atmosphere, then describe how this energy is transferred through the atmosphere.
Heat Transfer
39. Name the three ways in which heat is transferred through our atmosphere, in the second row of
boxes give a definition of each type of heat transfer, and finally in the third row draw a picture
to represent that type of heat transfer.
Transfer
Definition
Drawing
40. What is wind?
41. Describe how temperature and pressure create wind.
42. What are the trends of wind in terms of temperature and pressure?
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Wind – Local and Global
43. In the boxes below, draw a picture of each of the different types of localized wind (include a
colored convection current and either the sun or moon in your drawing).
44. Describe how both a land and sea breeze are created on the same day in the same location?
45. Describe how both a valley and mountain breeze are created on the same day in the same
location?
46. [TRUE / FALSE]: Winds are named from where they are heading. _________________________
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47. What causes global winds?
48. Describe the Coriolis Effect below.
49. The winds will curve to the ______________ in the Northern Hemisphere.
50. The winds will curve to the ______________ in the Southern Hemisphere.
51. Draw 3 arrows in each box to indicate the direction the wind will travel.
Southern Hemisphere
Northern Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere
Northern Hemisphere
High Pressure
Low Pressure
Low Pressure
High Pressure
Low Pressure
High Pressure
High Pressure
Low Pressure
52. Identify the different types of global winds below.
a. _____________________________
b. _____________________________
c. _____________________________
53. Fill out the below diagram for both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres and indicate the
following:
d. Hadley Cells – Color the convection current
e. High Pressure Area
f. Low Pressure Area
60
g. Direction of Global Wind
h. Name of Global Wind
30
0
30
60
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The Water Cycle – Evaporation – Condensation – Precipitation
54. Draw a picture of the water cycle below. Label each step and describe how water moves
through our atmosphere.
55. Describe the atomic structure of ice (solid), water (liquid), and water vapor (gas) in terms of
molecular motion and position.
56. What is evaporation?
57. In terms of relative humidity, what is meant by the “air is saturated”?
58. What is meant by the dew point temperature?
59. What 3 factors are needed in order for a cloud to form?
60. What are the different types of precipitation and the conditions needed for this type of
precipitation to form?
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Air Masses and Fronts
61. What is an Air Mass?
62. What are the two ways in which Air Masses are classified?
63. Fill in the chart with the appropriate name of the air mass (cP, cT, cA, mP, mT, mA).
DESCRIPTION
CONDITION
LOCATION FORMED
Moist
Water
Dry
Land
Warm
Tropics
Cold
Poles
64. What is the air pressure like in the center of an air mass?
65. Describe the origin, temperature, humidity level, wind direction, and name of each Air Mass that
influences the weather in the United States.
66. What is the difference between a cyclone and an anticyclone? Draw a picture of each and
describe how the wind moves.
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67. What is a weather front?
68. For each type of front, draw a diagram of the air masses colliding (Cold, Warm, Occluded, and
Stationary) and …
1. Describe how it forms
2. Associated clouds
3. Type of precipitation
4. Weather map symbol
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69. Using the diagram below, show where the warm, cool, and cold air is located, write the word
“warm”, “cool”, and “cold” on the proper side of each front below.
Which direction is the warm front moving? (NE, SE, SW, S,
etc.)
________________________________
Draw a HUGE arrow on the map indicating the direction and
location this system will take.
Severe Weather
70. Describe the process in which lightning is created from a thunderstorm cloud and why we hear
thunder?
71. What fuels a hurricane?
72. Describe the process, in which a tornado develops, you can utilize a diagram however you must
label each stage clearly.