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Four-Day Bertino Forensic Workshop rev. 1.22.15 Day 1 Introduction to forensics A 300+ page binder and our resource DVD with additional resources, websites, cases studies, animations, Apps and tutorials will be provided and discussed. Participants also receive a over 20 Power Point presentations, a copy of our new 2nd edition textbook Forensic Science: Fundamentals and Investigations. Emphasis is placed on how to teach to heterogeneously grouped classes, teach on a shoe string budget, how to organize and present classroom activities. Various alternative assessments and outside reading lists are described throughout the course. Evidence Collection Search patterns Proper collection and documentation of evidence, Chain of Custody How to set up a crime scene collection area Hair and Fiber Analysis Microscopic analysis of hair. Prepare slides of their own hair and will do a comparative analysis of found at a crime scene and hair found on a suspect. Distinguish between animal and human hair. Use a “poor man’s comparative microscope by using a digital camera, microscope and computer. Fiber analysis: Burn test for fiber analysis Fiber - weave pattern analysis Pollen and Botanical Evidence as a source of trace evidence Pollen provides clues for not only of location, but also indicates the time of the year a crime was committed. Comparative analysis of pollen can help link a suspect to: a. crime scene b. victim Prepare microscopic slides of pollen. Review how botanical evidence is used in solving crimes and locating gravesites. Participants study how to a. estimate pollen grain size under a microscope. b. use a digital camera to produce excellent photos of pollen viewed under the microscope. Blood spatter analysis Blood spatter analysis is an excellent example of how forensics integrates math, biology, chemistry, and physics. Participants should bring a calculator (or phone or iPad) with sine and tangent functions. Participants will explore how blood spatter helps to recreate a crime scene. Participants will perform experiments demonstrating: a. effect of height on blood spatter b. effect of different surfaces on blood spatter c. angle of impact d. lines of convergence e. area of origin From several drops of blood, participants will be able to estimate: a. number of incidences b. source of blood from a 2-dimensional perspective c. angle of impact for each drop of blood d. area of origin in a 3 dimensional perspective Fingerprinting How are fingerprints produced? When are fingerprints formed? What are the major patterns? How are minutiae used in fingerprint analysis? How are algorithms used in fingerprint analysis? Participants will analyze fingerprint patterns, produce a ten-card, and will lift latent fingerprints. Day 2 DNA analysis a. Distinguish between mitochondria DNA and nuclear DNA and discuss the role each plays in forensics. b. Review the process of DNA fingerprinting or gel electrophoresis c. Solve crimes, paternity cases and identify family relationships using information gained from DNA fingerprinting. d. Review STR DNA analysis and interpretation. e. Analyze STR data from 9/11 victim for personal identification by comparing STR analysis of the victim, wife and two sons f. Review how the Romanov skeletal identification was accomplished using nuclear and mtDNA analysis. Was Anna Anderson the long lost Anastasia? DNA evidence was used to solve this real-life mystery. Tool Marks a. Examine tool mark impressions left at a crime scene and compare those marks with tool mark impressions made from different tools. b. Review how to prepare your own tool mark impression demonstration board. Bones: Forensic Anthropology Discover how bones provide clues to ones: Age-Sex-Height- Ethnic Background-Occupation Examine a skull, pelvis, humerus and femur from the Wards’ Sherlock Bones Kit. Through examination and measurements, the participants will try to estimate the age, sex, height, and ethnic background of the skeletal remains. In addition to performing the Wards Sherlock Bones lab, participants receive a CD prepared by the Bertinos’ that facilitates the lab activity. Teeth Discover how teeth are used to help estimate age and help to identify a victim. Participants: a. prepare their own bite mark impressions. b. analyze a suspect’s bite mark with the bite marks found on a victim Faces View an App ‘PhotoFit” used to create an artist “sketch” of a suspect. Day 3 Ballistics a. Distinguish among different types of firearms, bullets, shot and slugs. b. Review the anatomy of a bullet, cartridge, shot and slugs c. Review how a projective is fired resulting in spent projectiles, cartridge casings, and gunshot residue. d. Study and examine spent projectiles, cartridge shells, models of bullets and along with to view the type of ballistic evidence left at a crime scene. e. Compare ballistic evidence from a test fired firearm to the ballistic evidence found at a crime scene including: lands and grooves, caliper, f. Determine angle of impact from trajectory paths of projectiles to help reconstruct a crime scene using ballistic evidence. Soil and Sand Participants will perform several investigations that can be used to help identify if a soil or sand sample is consistent with the soil or sand sample obtained from a crime scene. These investigations include: Microscopic and macroscopic analysis of soils Sedimentation jars Physical and chemical testing of the samples Use soil and soil profile evidence to link evidence to a crime scene. Use soil evidence to help locate gravesites. Glass Review how different types of glass are produced. Perform activities used to identify is the glass found at a crime scene is consistent with glass found on a suspect. These tests include: Density testing Refractive index Prepare, analyze and use glass fracture patterns to reconstruct events at a crime scene. Tire and Footprint Impressions Discover how tire impressions can link a suspect to a crime scene. Participants will produce their own shoe and or tire impressions using various methods such as: Plaster of Paris impressions and ink-less impressions. Participants will take various measurements, use calculations to try to identify a specific vehicle based on tire impressions, wheel base, turning diameter. Day 4 Drugs Perform preliminary spot test to help identify drugs. Review and analyze lab procedures for evidence reliability. Insect and forensic entomology a. Review the various types of insects studied in forensic entomology. b. Review and observe the life cycle of a blow-fly and its application to establishing PMI c. View living and preserved specimens of all stages of Blowflies d. Use magnifying lens, stereomicroscope and compounds microscope to view all living stages of blowfly dev. stages, spiracle slits, mouth, crop, hooks e. Receive instructions on how to raise, preserve and use blowflies in forensic classrooms. f. Estimate PMI (post mortem interval) based on insect evidence. Time of Death Estimations or Post Mortem Interval Analysis Review algor, rigor and livor mortis Estimate PMI using algor, rigor and livor mortis analysis Discuss other methods of estimating PMI including: a. stomach content examination b. changes to the cornea c. changes to ocular fluids Chromatography a. Discover through experimentation how chromatography can be used to help link a particular suspect to evidence found at the crime scene. b. Use mini set-ups and new methods of classroom chromatography. Handwriting, forgery and counterfeiting Review characteristics of handwriting. Compare handwriting found in a ransom note to the handwriting of several suspects Review studies of different types of forgeries will be reviewed along with the evidence used to solve the crime. Examine paper currency for methods used to prevent counterfeiting. Wards Materials used at the four day workshop include: Sherlock Bones Kit Fingerprint ink-less pads Footprint inked pads Cartridge Family Trajectory apparatus Insect Entomology Cards Various charts describing aspects of forensics analysis The use of Wards supplies to create insect preservation kits Harbor Freight & Dollar Store supplies are used to prepare many inexpensive forensic activities Inexpensive labs we have developed using shoe string priced supplies: Hair lab Fiber lab: thread counters, burn test Pollen lab Glass refraction - our set up Blood kits with cardboard: our set up Insect development lab using live Blowflies: our set up Handwriting lab Drug lab Dental impression lab Shoeprint impression lab Ballistics collections and & device Many additional time & money saving techniques and Apps will be discussed throughout the class.