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The Roman Republic 510-27 BC 1. The society of Rome: 1. Patricians 2. Plebeians 1. Patricians: noble /nemes/ families, they were rich, they had political power 2. Plebeians: merchants, craftsmen, peasants. First they didn’t have political right, later they fought for it. In 494 BC the plebeians went to the Saint Mountain to protest against the situation they had less rights than patricians. The plebeians had the same right at the end. They had a person with the right to say veto. This person was called tribune. /tribunus/ 3. Freeded slaves / liberties 4. Slaves: debtors, war prisoners 2. Structure of Government under the Republic 2 Consuls: Elected by Senate. They led the government, they were judge, led army. In danger they chose a dictator, who had power of army. Senate: 300 members, the assembly chose them. Gave advice to the consuls, and the assembly Assembly: Elected the members of Senate Voted laws suggested by Senate Declared war or peace First only patricians had positions in these institute. After 494 BC the plebeians and patricians shared positions. 3. The religion of the Romans Greek Name Roman Name Description Zeus Jupiter King of Gods Hera Juno Goddess of Marriage and woman Poseidon Neptune God of the Sea Aphrodite Venus Goddess of Love Hades Pluto God of the Underworld Hephaistos Vulcan The smith god Demeter Ceres Goddess of the Harvest Apollo Apollo God of Art and Medicine Athena Minerva Goddess of Wisdom and craft Artemis Diana Goddess of the Hunting, moon, wild animals Ares Mars God of War Hermes Mercury Messenger of the Gods Dionysus Bacchus God of Wine Latin proverbs: Latin szólások: “Divide et impera” “Alea iacta est!” “Veni, vidi, vici!” “Et tu mi fili Brute!” “Oszd meg és uralkodj!” “A kocka el van vetve!” “Jöttem, láttam, győztem!” “Te is fiam Brutus!” Téves magyar fordításban: Te is fiam butulsz! Patrician UK: pətrɪʃn patrícius, előkelő Plebeian UK: plɪbiːən plebejus, közrendű Freedman felszabadított Privileged UK: prɪvəlɪʤd kiváltságos Contract UK: kɔntrækt szerződés Tax UK: tæks adó Election UK: ɪlekʃn választás Civil right polgárjog UK: sɪvəl Republic UK: rɪpʌblɪk Commerce UK: kɔməːs Debtor UK: detər köztársaság kereskedelem adós