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Download 1. The Etruscans ruled Rome between 616 and 509 B.C.E. 2. The
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G u i d e t o R e a d i n g N o t e s Section 2 Section 5 1. The Etruscans ruled Rome between 616 and 509 B.C.E. 1. The Tribunes of the Plebs spoke for the plebeians and could veto actions of the Senate. The Council of Plebs made laws for all plebeians. 2. The patricians were a small group of wealthy landowners. They elected the “fathers of the state,” who advised the Etruscan king. 3. The plebeians were peasants, laborers, craftspeople, and shopkeepers. They had very little voice in the government. Section 3 1. Illustrations will vary but should show a “happy” patrician on the lower balance pan and a “sad” plebeian on the higher pan. 2. All power was in the hands of the patricians. 3. Power was in the hands of the Senate. Only patricians could be senators and consuls. Patricians elected the senators. 2. In 451 B.C.E., patricians agreed to write down laws on the Twelve Tables. In 367 B.C.E., one of the two Roman consuls was required to be a plebeian. In 287 B.C.E., plebeian assemblies could pass laws for all Roman citizens and could nominate consuls, tribunes, and members of the Senate. 3. Other countries adopted the following characteristics from the Roman Republic: a written constitution, elected assemblies, citizenship, civic duty, checks and balances, and a spirit of republicanism. Section 4 1. Illustrations will vary but should show a “scared” patrician on the lower balance pan and an “angry” plebeian on the higher pan. 2. Patricians held the power. They made the decisions and interpreted the laws to benefit themselves. 3. Patricians were frightened by the actions of the plebeians because the work on the farms and in the city came to a halt. Also, patricians were afraid that, without plebeians, the army was too weak to defend Rome. © Teachers’ Curriculum Institute The Rise of the Roman Republic 1