Download Unit 4 Lesson 1

Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Directed reading p. 178-179
Q1. Which classification level is the most general and includes the
largest variety of organism?
Q2. Which classification level is the most specific?
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Classification
Dichotomous key
Domain
Genus
species
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Why Classify? – Warm Up 1
When you visit Carrefour to buy
chocolate, how do you find it?
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Why Classify?
• Scientists use classification to organize living
things into similar groups.
• Why? Scientists classify organisms so that
they can understand how organisms are
related.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Why Classify?
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Why Classify?
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Why Classify?
•How?
•Cell type,
•cell structure
•genetic information
•Shape
•Size
•Symmetry
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Why Classify? – Exit Slip 1
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Why Classify?
• A dichotomous key is
a chart with many
choices that guide you
to the name of what
you want to identify.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Why Classify? – Warm Up 2
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Classifying Living Things
• Domains and kingdoms are the broadest
levels of classification.
• Organisms are classified into one of three
domains. A domain is the broadest level of
classification.
• Organisms are separated into domains by
their cell structures.
• Organisms are more closely related to each
other as you continue down each level of
classification.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Classifying Living Things
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Classifying Living Things – Exit Slip 2
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Classifying Living Things
• Kingdoms are the first level of
classification. Organisms in kingdoms are
grouped into phyla.
• A phylum can be broken into classes. The
next level is order, which can be further
divided into families. A genus is a
subdivision of a family.
• Organisms are finally classified as
species, or unique organisms.
• King Philip Can Only Find Green Shoes
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Classifying Living Things
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Classifying Living Things
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Plants – Warm Up 3
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Plants
• There are more than 320,000
species of plants.
• Plants are made of many cells
and use sunlight to make
food.
• Plants are classified according
to their structures and how
they use those structures to
live.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Plants
• Some plants have vascular
tissue, which consists of long,
narrow tubes that transport
materials throughout the plant.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Plants
• Plants are also classified by
how they reproduce. Some
produce seeds in fruits, some
produce seeds in cones, and
some produce no seeds.
• Some plants use flowers to
reproduce. Flowering plants
make up the largest number of
species in the plant kingdom.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Plants – Exit Slip 3
Reference to Warm Up 3
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Animals – Class Work
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Animals
• Most animals are made of multiple cells
and cannot make their own food.
• Animals are divided into two groups.
Vertebrates are animals with backbones,
such as fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians,
and mammals.
• Invertebrates are animals without
backbones, such as insects, worms,
jellyfish, and sponges. They make up
about 95% of Earth’s animals.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Animals
• Some of the other
factors used to classify
animals include their
body structures and
how they take in
oxygen and digest
food.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Fungi Warm Up 4
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Fungi
• Fungi
1. Do not make food from sunlight.
2. They feed on dead or decayed
materials.
• Mushrooms and yeasts are a type of
fungus. Unlike mushrooms, yeasts are
made up of only one cell. Some yeast
cells can be seen only with a microscope.
• Scientists classify fungi according to size,
shape, and the way they reproduce.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Fungi – Class Work
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Protists
• Kingdom Protista is very diverse.
Protists may look or act like plants,
fungi, or even animals.
• Most protists are made up of only
one microscopic cell, but some
protists live in large colonies that
look like a single organism.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Protists
• Protists can move by
forming structures to
drag themselves or by
using hair-like structures
to move in water.
• Many protists don’t move
at all.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Protists
• Scientists classify protists as plants,
animals, or fungi.
• Plant-like protists use sunlight to
make food and are classified
according to size and color.
• Animal-like protists can move and
capture prey.
• Fungus-like protists grow and feed
like fungi.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Protists – Exit Slip 4
Write the name of the kingdom to which each organism belongs.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Bacteria
• Bacteria are microscopic and cover the
surfaces of everything you see.
• Bacteria can cause disease and pollute
lakes, but they can also be used to make
foods, such as yogurt and cheese. Bacteria
can even help us digest food.
• Bacteria are classified according to shape,
size, how they get food, and whether or
not they use oxygen. Ex. Cyanobacteria.
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Archaea
• Archaea are single-celled organisms
similar to bacteria. They are classified in
separate domains because their
structures and genetic materials differ.
• Archaea live in extreme environments,
such as hot springs, where nothing else
survives.
• Archaea get energy from unusual
resources, such as ammonia or sulfur
gas. Ex. sulfolobus
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Unit 4 Lesson 1 How Are Living Things Grouped?
Kingdom
Description of kingdom
Example
Animalia
Made of many cells, do not
make their own food
lion
Plantae
Made up of many cells, use
sunlight to make food.
Pine tree
Fungi
Feeds on dead or decaying
matter
Bread mold
Protista
Classified as whether they
look like plants, animals, or
fungi
Paramecium
Bacteria
Single cell: can be useful
Cyanobacteria
Archaea
Single cell: lives in extreme
environments
sulfolubus
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Class Work
Kingdom
Description of kingdom
Made of many cells, do not
make their own food
Made up of many cells, use
sunlight to make food.
Feeds on dead or decaying
matter
Classified as whether they
look like plants, animals, or
fungi
Single cell: can be useful
Single cell: lives in extreme
environments
Example
Class Work