Download Cultural Revolution

 1600s
scientists observed cells
• Most did not understand what they saw
 1838
– cell theory
• All things are made up of tiny units of matter
called cells
• These cells divide and multiply
• They cause organisms to grow
and mature
• Developed by Mathias Schleiden
and Theodor Schwann
Cell
theory failed to explain plants and
animal varieties
1800s theory of evolution was
proposed
Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck found
similarities in fossils and living
organisms
Charles Darwin built on Lamarck’s idea
• Evolution based on natural selection
Gregor
Mendel
• Experimented with pea
plants
• Trying to understand how
characteristics passed
between generations
• He discovered a gene
Founded
Genetics
the study of
 Fighting
Diseases
• 1796 Edward Jenner developed smallpox
vaccine
• Louis Pasteur recognized the impact of bacteria
causing disease
 Showed bacteria could be killed
 New
Approaches to Surgery
• Sir James Simpson discovered chloroform
• Joseph Lister introduced methods to sterilize
instruments
Atomic
theory – all matter is made up
of atoms
• John Dalton provided proof
Wilhelm
K. Roentgen discovered X
rays
Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
discovered radium
Max Planck theorized that energy is
released in units called quanta
 People
started using scientific method to
study human behavior
• Auguste Comte believed there was a set of laws to
human behavior
• Father of sociology
 Sociology
– study of human behavior in
groups
 Psychology – study of human behavior in
individuals
 Ivan Pavlov – noted that human actions are
unconscious
 Sigmund Freud – father of psychoanalysis