Download 甲型H1N1流感病毒科技文献专辑（二）

甲型H1N1流感病毒
科技文献专辑（二）
电话:010-63173957
传真：010-63173345
EMAIL：[email protected]
2009 年 5 月 4 日
目
录
1 更新：来源于猪的 A 型 H1N1 流感病毒药物敏感性 .............................................................. 1
2 猪流感病毒（泰国分离株）对刚断奶仔猪的发病机理：一项实验研究 ............................... 1
3 面对流感大流行威胁：禽、猪养殖业从业人员应对计划的重要性 ....................................... 2
4 欧洲一例人感染猪流感病毒----对人类健康与研究的启示...................................................... 2
5 美国乡村一起人、猪共患呼吸系统疾病暴发中分离自猪的 A 型流感病毒特性 .................. 3
6 检验商用酶联免疫吸附试验产品效果----通过对猪实验感染欧洲流感病毒后检测猪流感病
毒 H1N1 和 H3N2 抗体进行 ........................................................................................................... 3
7 中国猪感染类人 H1N1 流感病毒的进一步证据 ....................................................................... 4
中国疾病预防控制中心
1 更新：来源于猪的 A 型 H1N1 流感病毒药物敏感性
Update: drug susceptibility of swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) viruses, April
2009.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009 May 1;58(16):433-5.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Since April 21, 2009, CDC has reported cases of respiratory infection with a
swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) that is being spread via
human-to-human transmission. As of April 28, the total number of confirmed
S-OIV cases in the United States was 64; these cases occurred in California (10
cases), Kansas (two), New York (45), Ohio (one), and Texas (six). The viruses
contain a unique combination of gene segments that had not been reported
previously among swine or human influenza viruses in the United States or
elsewhere. Viruses from 13 (20%) of 64 patients have been tested for
resistance to antiviral medications. To date, all tested viruses are resistant to
amantadine and rimantadine but are susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir.
The purpose of this report is to provide detailed information on the drug
susceptibility of the newly detected S-OIVs, which will aid in making
recommendations for treatment and prophylaxis for swine influenza A (H1N1)
infection. These data also will contribute to antiviral-resistance monitoring and
diagnostic test development.
2 猪流感病毒（泰国分离株）对刚断奶仔猪的发病机理：一项实验研
究
Pathogenesis of swine influenza virus (Thai isolates) in weanling pigs: an experimental trial
Virol J. 2009 Mar 25;6(1):34.
Sreta D, Kedkovid R, Tuamsang S, Kitikoon P, Thanawongnuwech R.
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to investigate the
pathogenesis of swine influenza virus (SIV) subtype H1N1 and H3N2 (Thai
isolates) in 22-day-old SPF pigs. RESULTS: The study found that all pigs in the
infected groups developed typical signs of flu-like symptoms on 1-4 days postinfection (dpi). The H1N1-infected pigs had greater lung lesion scores than
those of the H3N2-infected pigs. Histopathological lesions related to swine
influenza-induced lesions consisting of epithelial cells damage, airway plugging
and peribronchial and perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration were present in
both infected groups. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry using
nucleoprotein specific monoclonal antibodies revealed positive staining cells in
lung sections of both infected groups at 2 and 4 dpi. Virus shedding was
detected at 2 dpi from both infected groups as demonstrated by RT-PCR and
virus isolation. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that both SIV
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subtypes were able to induce flu-like symptoms and lung lesions in weanling
pigs. However the severity of the diseases with regards to lung lesions both
gross and microscopic lesions was greater in the H1N1-infected pigs. Based on
phylogenetic analysis, haemagglutinin gene of subtype H1N1 from Thailand
clustered with the classical H1 SIV sequences and neuraminidase gene
clustered with virus of avian origin, whereas, both genes of H3N2 subtype
clustered with H3N2 human-like SIV from the 1970s.
3 面对流感大流行威胁：禽、猪养殖业从业人员应对计划的重要性
Facing pandemic influenza threats: the importance of including poultry and
swine workers in preparedness plans
Poult Sci. 2009 Apr;88(4):880-4.
Gray GC, Kayali G.
Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, College
of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
[email protected]
Recent research has shown that poultry and swine workers, especially those
with intense exposures, are at increased risk of zoonotic influenza virus
infections. In multiple studies, US poultry workers and poultry veterinarians
have evidence of previous infections with avian influenza virus. Similarly, US
swine workers have strong evidence of previous and acute infections with swine
influenza viruses. Mathematical modeling has demonstrated that such workers
may accelerate the spread of pandemic viruses in their rural communities.
Because these workers may contribute to the novel generation of viruses and
serve as a bridging population in the cross-species sharing of influenza viruses,
it seems prudent to include poultry and swine workers in influenza
preparedness programs. Possible preventive and control interventions include
special education programs to increase workers' use of personal protective
equipment such as gloves, increased surveillance for influenza viruses among
workers and their animals, recommendations that workers seek medical
attention should they develop influenza-like illness, and workers' priority receipt
of annual and pandemic influenza vaccines.
4 欧洲一例人感染猪流感病毒----对人类健康与研究的启示
A human case of swine influenza virus infection in Europe--implications for
human health and research
Euro Surveill. 2009 Feb 19;14(7). pii: 19124.
Van Reeth K, Nicoll A.
Swine are susceptible to the same influenza A virus subtypes as humans--H1N1,
H3N2 and H1N2--and the histories of influenza in pigs and people are closely
linked. Many swine influenza viruses are a result of reassortment and their
genes are composed of human and avian and/or swine virus genes. Indeed, it is
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known that both human and avian influenza viruses occasionally transmit to
pigs, and that pigs can serve as "mixing vessels" for these viruses, meaning that
viruses can exchange genetic material and lead to the production of a new
"hybrid" virus. This has led to the thinking that perhaps pandemic viruses could
emerge following reassortment in pigs. However, since nobody has observed
the start of a pandemic, there remains no direct evidence to make this more
than a theory.
5 美国乡村一起人、猪共患呼吸系统疾病暴发中分离自猪的 A 型流
感病毒特性
Characterization of an influenza A virus isolated from pigs during an outbreak of
respiratory disease in swine and people during a county fair in the United States.
Vet Microbiol. 2009 Jan 6.
Vincent AL, Swenson SL, Lager KM, Gauger PC, Loiacono C, Zhang Y.
Virus and Prion Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease
Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
In August 2007, pigs and people became clinically affected by an influenza-like
illness during attendance at an Ohio county fair. Influenza A virus was identified
from pigs and people, and the virus isolates were characterized as swine H1N1
similar to swine viruses currently circulating in the U.S. pig population. The
swine isolate, A/SW/OH/511445/2007 (OH07), was evaluated in an
experimental challenge and transmission study reported here. Our results
indicate that the OH07 virus was pathogenic in pigs, was transmissible among
pigs, and failed to cross-react with many swine H1 anti-sera. Naturally exposed
pigs shed virus as early as 3 days and as long as 7 days after contact with
experimentally infected pigs. This suggests there was opportunity for exposure
of people handling the pigs at the fair. The molecular analysis of the OH07
isolates demonstrated that the eight gene segments were similar to those of
currently circulating triple reassortant swine influenza viruses. However,
numerous nucleotide changes leading to amino acid changes were
demonstrated in the HA gene and throughout the genome as compared to
contemporary swine viruses in the same genetic cluster. It remains unknown if
any of the amino acid changes were related to the ability of this virus to infect
people. The characteristics of the OH07 virus in our pig experimental model as
well as the documented human transmission warrant close monitoring of the
spread of this virus in pig and human populations.
6 检验商用酶联免疫吸附试验产品效果----通过对猪实验感染欧洲流
感病毒后检测猪流感病毒 H1N1 和 H3N2 抗体进行
Performance of a commercial Swine influenza virus H1N1 and H3N2 antibody
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enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in pigs experimentally infected with
European influenza viruses
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2009 Jan;21(1):88-96.
Barbé F, Labarque G, Pensaert M, Van Reeth K.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Virology, Ghent University,
Merelbeke, Belgium.
The IDEXX Swine influenza virus H1N1 and H3N2 enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are used worldwide, but their capacity to
detect antibodies to European Swine influenza viruses (SIVs) has not been
documented. A total of 313 well-defined sera from SIV seronegative pigs and
pigs experimentally infected with European SIVs were used to compare the
performance of both ELISAs and the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. The
ELISAs largely failed to detect pigs that had been infected with H1N1 (0/42
positive in H1N1 ELISA) or H3N2 only (9/18 positive in H3N2 ELISA; group 1).
Higher ELISA detection rates were found after consecutive infection of pigs with
either H1N1 or H3N2 and 1 other subtype (7/40 and 11/22 positive in H1N1 and
H3N2 ELISA, respectively; group 2). Of 39 pigs that had been vaccinated twice
with 1 of 4 commercial SIV vaccines (group 3), 25 tested positive in the H1N1
and 4 in the H3N2 ELISA. Pigs that had received a single vaccination after a prior
infection with H1N1 and/or H3N2 (group 4) were more frequently positive than
group 1 or 3 pigs (23/24 and 15/24 positive in H1N1 and H3N2 ELISA,
respectively). Both the H1N1 and H3N2 ELISA showed a low sensitivity (39%
and 35%, respectively) relative to the HI test. Because pigs in the field are
frequently infected and/or vaccinated with multiple SIV subtypes and variants,
they are more likely to test positive in the ELISAs. However, the interpretation
of ELISA results will be difficult, and HI remains the method of choice.
7 中国猪感染类人 H1N1 流感病毒的进一步证据
Further evidence for infection of pigs with human-like H1N1 influenza viruses in
China
Virus Res. 2009 Mar;140(1-2):85-90.
Yu H, Zhou YJ, Li GX, Zhang GH, Liu HL, Yan LP, Liao M, Tong GZ.
Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
Classical swine and avian-like H1N1 influenza viruses were reported widely in
swine population worldwide, but human-like H1N1 swine viruses were reported
occasionally. In 2006, a human-like H1N1 swine virus
(A/swine/Guangdong/96/06) was isolated from pigs in Guangdong province,
which was reported in China for the first time. To get further evidence for
infection of pigs with human-like H1N1 influenza viruses, we analyzed eight
gene segments of three human-like swine H1N1 viruses
(A/swine/Guangdong/96/06, A/swine/Tianjin/01/04 and A/swine/Henan/01/06)
isolated in China. All the eight genes of the three viruses are highly homologous
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to recent (about 2000) and early (1980s) human H1N1 influenza viruses,
respectively. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that A/Swine/Guangdong/96/06
was directly derived from about 2000 human H1N1 influenza viruses, while
A/swine/Tianjin/01/04 and A/swine/Henan/01/06 seemed to be descendants of
human H1N1 viruses circulating in 1980s. Seroprevalence of our isolate
(A/swine/Guangdong/96/06) confirmed the presence of human-like H1N1 virus
in pigs in China. Existence of these influenza viruses, especially older viruses
(A/swine/Tianjin/01/04 and A/swine/Henan/01/06), indicates that human-like
H1N1 influenza viruses may remain invariant for long periods in pigs and
provides the evidence that pigs serve as reservoirs of older influenza viruses for
human pandemics.
发送：中心甲型 H1N1 流感病毒防控领导小组成员
承办单位：中国疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测与信息服务中心
地址：北京市南纬路 27 号
电话：010-63173957
邮编：100050
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网站：http://www.chinacdc.cn
E-mail: [email protected]
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