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Name: __________________________________ Hour: _______ Date: ____________________
8th Grade Genetics Test Study Guide
The test will be on __________________________________ and will be 25 multiple choice
questions.
Learning Target: I can create a DNA model & explain how the structure of DNA
causes mutations.
1. Draw 2 homologous chromosomes with heterozygous alleles.
2. Draw 2 homologous chromosomes with homozygous dominant alleles.
3. Draw a picture of DNA and explain the reasons why we study DNA.
4. Cancer can be caused by genetic factors or environmental factors. Will
cancer caused by an environmental factor be passed onto offspring?
Explain.
5. A male sex cell has a mutation chromosome 8. The female sex cell does not
have a mutated sequence. Will the child show the mutation?
6. DNA contains the structures for making ________________ in the cell.
Learning Target: I can explain how traits are passed down to each generation
through chromosomes.
7. If 2 parents don’t have a trait but they have a child who does, how does this
occur?
8. A female guinea pig is homozygous dominant for black fur and is mated with
a male homozygous recessive for white fur color. In a litter of 8 offspring,
there would probably be ______________.
9. A child is diagnosed with a lethal genetic disease. Neither parent has the
disease. How might the child have inherited the disorder?
Learning Target: I can use a Punnett Square to determine probability of traits
being inherited.
10.
What is the genotype in the highlighted quadrant in the Punnett
Square below?
B
b
B
b
11. In the above example, B stands for having hair and b stands for being bald.
What is the chance of having a heterozygous child?
12.
In dogs, straight hair (HH, Hh) is dominant to curly hair (hh) and
chocolate fur (FF, Ff) is dominant to tan fur (ff). What are the chance that
the following would have a straight chocolate fur dog?
HhFf x HhFf
Learning Target: I can develop genetic conclusions.
13.
In rabbits, the gene for black fur is dominant over the gene for white
fur. How can the appearance of white baby rabbits be explained when the
mother has white fur and the father has black fur?
14.
A cross between a white flower and a red flower gave all pink flowers.
Which is the most likely explanation for these results?
15.
Kernel color in corn is a trait determined by two alleles. The dominant
allele (P) produces purple color, and the recessive allele (p) produces yellow
color. The diagram below shows an ear of corn produced by crossing two
corn plants. The shaded kernels are purple, and the unshaded ones are
yellow. What can the yellow kernels best be described as? (Be sure to look
at which color has more kernels!)
16.
Which of the following terms applies to traits, such as human hair
color, that are controlled by more than one gene?
17.
A long haired guinea pig is crossed with a short-haired guinea pig and
all of the offspring are short-haired. This indicates what type of
inheritance pattern? (Short hair must be this.)
18.
In smiley faces, eyes can either be round (RR), star (SS), or round with
a star (SR). What does this show? (Hint: Both shows – it is not a blend.)
19.
Using the above example, how what is the probability of a round eyed
smiley face having a child that resembles it when the partner is a round star
eyed smiley face?
20.
Leaves from two white clover plants, each with a different pattern, are
shown below.
Learning Target: I can model how DNA affects production of different proteins
and explain how that is linked to mutations.
21.
Students in class had to develop a model to explain how DNA codes for
traits. What would be the main part of the model to show how DNA codes
for traits? (How does DNA code for traits?)
22.
The students using this model then had to explain what happens with
mutations. How would you describe what happens with mutations using a
model?
Learning Target: I can explain how genetic variation affects survival.
23.
The graph below shows the percentage of a large population that
expresses a certain recessive trait (bb) through 10 generations. What would
most likely happen if a mutation of allele b occurred after the tenth
generation?
24.
Looking at this graph, predict why the population showing the recessive
trait has decreased.
Learning Target: I can explain how genetic variation affects survival.
25.
Explain how gene therapy affects cells of an individual.