Download Paleolithic/Neolithic/River Valley Civilizations Study Guide. Be

Paleolithic/Neolithic/River Valley Civilizations Study Guide.
Be identify/ know the importance for each term:
Paleolithic – old stone age
Neolithic – New stone age
Civilization - all components plus writing
History – written record
Agricultural Revolution – another term for the Neolithic period
Fertile Crescent – area of Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia – land between two rivers – Tigress and Euphrates
Hominid – walk erect
Lucy – oldest hominid discovered 3 million years old Ethiopia
Animism - Religion of worshiping sprits of trees, rivers, sun etc.
Polytheism – Worshiping several to many deities usually in Idol form.
Nomad – hunter gathers
Sedentary – living in one area
Cuneiform - first known writing of Summer 3500 BCE
Sumer First known Civilization
Epic of Gilgamesh –Sumerian oldest written story (similar to Noah’s Arch and the great flood
Mandate of Heaven –Chinese belief that a rule gets authority to rule from the gods, but if he abuses power he shall fall
Dynasty – Rule based on family and heredity
Dynastic Cycle – Rise to power based on mandate of heaven, rule just and fair, expansion of territory, wealth, corruption, loss of mandate of
heaven. New rules rise to power
Hammurabi's Code – King Hammurabi of Babylon first written code of laws
Aryan – Indo Europeans who invaded India and quickly merged cultures
Vedas – Early religion the Aryans brought to India, would be the foundation for Hinduism
Caste System – rigid social order of India based on birth
Hominids Paleolithic Age
3-2.5 Million BCE
Homo Sapiens
120,000 BCE
Neolithic Age
8,000 BCE
Sumer Mesopotamia Civilization and History
4000 -3500 BCE
New Stone Age Agricultural Revolution Writing (Cuneiform) Beginning of Civilization and history
Quick Answer:
Who was Lucy? Oldest known Hominid
Where did she live - Ethiopia
Why is this country known as the cradle of humanity? This is where the descendants modern Homo sapiens first emerged
How many years of evolution has it been since Lucy walked Earth? 3 million years
How did Anthropologists s demonstrate a tie from Lucy Hominid to current day Homo sapiens? The study skull evolution over time.
Your above answer is what type of evidence? Empirical
Paleolithic Age means - Old Stone Age
how long ago did modern man first appear? 120,000 years ago
What technology did the Paleolithic Age produce?
simple stone tools, spears, arrow heads, fire, needles, grinding, bowls
1, What was the social order during the Paleolithic Age? Family unit, Kin, tribe
2, What was meant by Hunter Gathers? Nomadic people who followed animals and gathered (forging) fruits, nuts, etc.
3. Why would the Hunter Gather be reluctant to join a civilization? Tradition, way of life, religion,
4. Why was it asserted that women and men were basically equal during the Paleolithic Age? While both had different responsibilities both
were equally needed for survival
5,Why is it a general rule that as a society becomes more complex the amount of equality for women diminishes?
due to specialization of jobs women were relegated to the home and family.
6. Know the Gender division of labor for: men: warriors, political, religious leaders, artisans, architects.
Women: field work, care for children and home
Paleolithic/Neolithic/River Valley Civilizations Study Guide.
1. What is animism? Spirit worship of nature, rivers, grass, trees
2, How is polytheism different from animism? Polytheism refers to worship of several diesis or gods usually represented as idols
3. What religious acts did Paleolithic people do and how do we know?Buried dead, after life, Ceremonies, animism. Cave paintings, artifacts
found. (Ice Man)
4. What were the intellectual characteristics of the Paleolithic people or how did they express themselves? Through Music, Art, Dance
5,What was the major accomplishment of the Paleolithic Age? The spread of people worldwide (see map on reading)
The Neolithic Age”
1.What does Neolithic mean? New Stone Age
2. What is this age also referred to? Agricultural Revolution
3. 8000 BCE = 3500 BCE what caused the start of the Neolithic Age and caused the end of the Neolithic Age
Begin Farming – End rise of Civilization
4. what technological development happened during this age and its impact
i.e.. with the invention of the plow population goes from 5-8 million to 60- 70 Million.
Potter’s wheel
irrigation
copper metal
Gold work
5. What kind of architecture is the Neolithic age known for? What cities had this architecture?
Megalithic Puma Punka, Catal Huyauk, Early Inca cities, Nazca lines.
Catal Huyuk and Jerchico were examples of what type of cities and how old are both?
Rise of Civilization
1. What is Sumer in Mesopotamia famous for? First civilization, beginning of history
2. What modern country would Sumer be located in? Iraq
3. What are the elements of civilization what is the final step in reaching civilization?
1 Agriculture farming surplus of food
2 Sedentary
3 Complex city and trade
4 Specialization of jobs
5 distinct social classes
6 Writing
4. What do all early civilizations have in common? They emerged around rivers, agricultural, Bronze
5. Be able to tell what factors led to the individualization of each of the early civilizations
Geography and location: China = mountains, jungle, desert ocean led to Isolation. Feeling of being in the center of the universe middle
kingdom
Mesopotamia, Sumer, city states warring with each other, crossroads for trade
Egypt - united city states along Nile River
6. What is the order of metal in the evolutionary process of technological development? Copper, bronze, iron
7. What ended the River Valley civilizations? They expanded into empires (Greece, Rome, Etruscan)
8. What is the main characteristic of the first civilizations? Cities adopt writing along river valley, agricultural
9. What is the main characteristic of the Classical Period? Empire, Migration and Trade
10 Post Classical - Empire grows too big, collapse. Cycle of Civilization
Paleolithic/Neolithic/River Valley Civilizations Study Guide.