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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM I. Function – to take in oxygen & get rid of carbon dioxide (for cell respiration) A. Respiration = internal (cell) + external (breathing) B. Breathing = inhaling & exhaling II. Process of Breathing & Route A. Nasal Cavity – filters, warms & moistens air B. Pharynx – collects air From nose & mouth C. Epiglottis – covers entrance to trachea D. Trachea (windpipe) – main tube E. Bronchi – tubes leading to each lung (bronchitis – inflammation of bronchi) F. Bronchioles – smaller branches of bronchi G. Alveoli (air sacs) – gases (O2 and CO2) are exchanged here between lung sacs & blood Respiratory System III. How is Breathing Accomplished? A. Inspiration (inhaling) – chest cavity expands, diaphragm moves down, less pressure & air moves in B. Expiration (exhaling) – chest cavity decreases, diaphragm moves up, more pressure & air moves out EXCRETORY SYSTEM I. Function – removal of waste products II. 5 Organs of Excretion A. Kidneys – main Organs; filter blood B. Large Intestine (colon); removes feces C. Liver – removes toxic waste D. Lungs – removes CO2 and H2O E. Skin – removes water, salt, urea (sweat) III. Kidneys A. Functions – filter wastes from blood; regulate volume & composition of blood – water, salt, etc. keep sugars from building up B. Nephrons – functional filtering units Zac Efron has Nephrons C. Urine moves from kidneys ureter urinary bladder (stores urine) urethra (tube leading outside body) The Urinary System Business meeting