Download File - COFFEE BREAK CORNER

Cells
Site
Surface mucous secreting
Cover the surface and line
the duct
fx
Mucous neck
Neck of glands
Secrete acidic mucous
Secrete a protective film of
mucous w’ protect stomach
against enzyme and HCl
Columnar in shape
Basal, oval nucleus
may be a transient
stage in development
of peptic cells from
stem cell
Columnar in shape
Basal, flat or triangular
& deeply stained
nucleus
CELL LINING OF FUNDIC GLANDS
Peptic (chief, zymogenic )
Parietal (oxyntic )
Body and bottom
Mainly in neck and body
Few in isthmus & rare in bottom
Secrete HCI and intrinsic factors.
Secrete pepsinogen, renin enzyme,
Has 2 types of canaliculi
and lipase
a. Intracellular: protect cytoplasm
from HCl & deliver it to the lumen
b. Intercellular: conduct HCl to the
lumen
Columnar in shape
Triangular in shape
Rounded nucleus and located near
the base
Central rounded nucleus & deeply
stained
Pale apical part of cytoplasm due to
unstained zymogen granules
Position on BM but not reach lumen :
this is why its name is parietal
Cytoplasm is deep acidophilic & rich in
carbonic anhydrase enzyme
Stain
Cell
Cell lining
PAS (periodic acid shiff)
Surface columnar mucus
Mucus neck
Intercalary duct
Lined by flat cells, their proximal ends are lined
by centro - acinose cells inside acinus
NB
Cell
Shape
Size
Site
A cells
Oval
15 -25 𝜇m
Periphery of islet
Percentage
Stain
20%
Stained pink by Gomori stain
Can be stained by immunohistochemical
technique using a primary antibody against
glucagon hormone
Secrete glucagon which elevate glucose level in
blood
Fx
Cell
Site
Stem cells
Base of crypts between paneth cells
Shape
Short columnar
Fx
Renewal of cells every 3 – 6 days
Nb
Cell
Site
Shape
Nuclei
Nb
Fx
Cell
Origin
Site
Nb
Stain
Cell
Stain
fx
Cell
Site
Fx
Nb
Length
Lining cell
Mucus secreting
Entero – endocrine
Secrete serotonin,
endorphin
Unknown
Columnar in
shape
Rounded nucleus located
near the base or vesicular
Oval nucleus at the
base
Large nucleus
Deep basophilic due to
increased ribosome
Members of APUD
Silver (Argentaffin)
Secrete somatostatin which
suppress fx of A, B cells & also
inhibit release of growth
hormone
CELL LINING EPITHELIUM OF INTESTINAL CRYPTS OF LIEBERKUHN OF SMALL INTESTINE
Paneth cells
Caveolate cells
Base of crypts of small intestine (absent in LI)
Rare cells
Large columnar
Renewal of cells of
fundic glands every
2 -6 day
Short columnar in
shape
Stem cell
DUCT SYSTEM OF EXOCRINE PART OF PARENCHYMA OF PANCREAS
Intralobular ducts
Interlobular duct
Main ducts
Lined with low cubical
Lined with simple
epithelium
cubical epithelium

aka Duct of Wirsung.

Very short & rarely
Run in interlobular

Runs along pancreas from tail to head

seen
septa

Join the CBD & opens into major duodenal papillae
at 2nd part of duodenum

No secretory activity
CELL FORMING ISLET OF LANGERHANS
B cells
D cells
F cells
Oval
Oval
Small oval
10 -15 𝜇m
Variable in size
Center of islet
Scattered between A cells in
periphery of islet
60 -75%
2%
2%
Stained blue by Gomori stain
Stained with Silver
Can be stained by immunohistochemical technique
using primary antibody against insulin hormone
Columnar or triangular cells with narrow apex
Caveolated
Pyramidal or columnar
with narrow apex in shape
CELL LINING OF PYLORUS GLANDS
Entero – endocrine cell (E, C ,G,D cell)
Secrete insulin which lower the glucose level in blood
Stem
In the isthmus of the
glands
Caveolated cell
Accessory duct
aka Duct of Santorini
shorter & lies in the head cranial to the
main duct
opens into minor duodenal papillae at
2nd part of duodenum
Secrete pancreatic
polypeptide hormone
involved in CHO and Protein
metabolism
Ganglion cells
Irregular
Form small aggregation
between islet cells
Involve in nervous control of
islet cells function
M cells
Membrane like cells = microfold cells
Dome shape cells with basal activity
Secrete lysozyme enzyme which has antibacterial
Unknown, may be act as
Antigen presenting cell:
effect
receptors
Apical acidophilic cytoplasm due to present of
Most numerous in ileum over Payer’s Patches
zymogen granules which are rich in zinc
CELL LINING VILLIOUS EPITHELIUM OF SMALL INTESTINE
Simple columnar absorbing cells
Goblet cells
Entero – endocrine cells
cover villi & upper part of intestinal crypts
Cover intestinal villi & upper part of intestinal crypts
Cover intestinal villi & upper part of intestinal crypts
Tall columnar cells
Goblet like cells
Columnar cell with narrow apex
Basal, oval
Flat, basal & deeply stained
Rounded, basal & open face
Basal granules( Argentaffin granules) at cytoplasm can be stained with Silver stain
1. absorption of useful substances
1. mucous secreted lubricate passage of intestinal
1. D cells: somatostatin
4. E cells: endorphin
2. secretion of lactase, sucrose & isomaltase
content
2. S cells: secretin
5. CCK cells: choly-cytokinine
enzymes
2. secrete acid glycoprotein which prevent
3. EG cells: glucagon like substance
6. M cells: motilin
bacterial invasion
7. N cells: neurotensin
CELL LINING EPITHELIUM THE CRYPTS OF COLON
Simple columnar absorbing cell
Goblet cell
Entero – endocrine cell
Caveolated cell
Stem cell
M cell
CELL LINING EPITHELIUM OF THE APPENDIX
Simple columnar absorbing cell
Goblet cell
Entero – endocrine cell
Stem cell
M cell
CELL LINING THE THYROID FOLLICLES
Follicular cells
Parafollicular cells
Endodermal lining of embryonic pharyngeal floor
Neural crest
Synthesis & release thyroid hormone
Secrete calcitonin (lowers blood calcium level by increasing bone resorption)
Hypoactive gland: follicles lined by squamous cells
Other name: C cells/ light cells/ clear cells
Hyperactive gland: follicles lined by columnar cell
Stained with silver & immunohistochemistry
CELL LINING THE BLOOD SINUSOIDS IN LIVER
Endothelial cells
Kupffer cells
Stained with Trypan blue
Allow free passage of chylomicron & plasma from blood sinusoids to Space of Disse
Phagocytic cell of reticulo-endothelial system, secrete proteins related to immunologic process
CELLS IN THE KIDNEY
RENAL CORPUSLE
JUXTAGLOMERULAR COMPLEX
Podocytes
Mesangial cell
Macula densa
Juxtaglomerular cells
Lacis cells (polar cushion)
At Bowman’s capsule
Present between glomerular blood capillaries
Line a part of DCT,
Present in the media of AA
Present ( ) AA,EA, macula
( ) AA, EA
densa
a. Responsible for continuous turnover of BM
a. Involve in synthesis of glomerular BM,
b. Cleaning the basal lamina
May be supporting mesangial
b. Share in the formation of blood – renal
c. May be considered as continuation of the JG cells &
cell
barrier
secrete certain hormone
d. Supportive fx  secrete collagen, chondroitin
sulphate, fibrinectin
The cytoplasm contains secretory granules

Major process extend from cell body
Stellate in shape
(renin hormone) stained with PAS

Minor process arise from deep surface
of cell body
MALE URETHRA
Prostatic
Membranous
Penile
3 – 4 cm
1.5 cm ( very short)
15 cm ( longest part )
Stratified columnar epithelium

Proximally: Transitional epithelium

Proximally: stratified columnar epithelium

Distally: Pseudostratified columnar

Distally: stratified squamous epithelium