Download part 1 guided notes -background levels of organization and the cell

TOPIC 5: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
PART 1: BACKGROUND INFO, LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION, AND THE CELL THEORY
A. BACKGROUND INFO ABOUT CELLS
All living organisms are made up of CELLS!
Cell: ____________________________________________________________________________________
Recall: All organisms must be made up of at least one cell to be considered living.
Ex) The human body is made up of millions and millions of cells!

Some organisms have only ONE CELL - _____________________________
Ex)

Other organisms are made up of MANY CELLS - ____________________________________
Ex)
B. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION IN MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
SMALLEST :
_____________________________________ (found within cells)
_____________________________________ (the basic unit)
_____________________________________ (groups of cells working together to perform a
specific function)
_____________________________________ (groups of tissue working together)
_____________________________________ (groups of organs working together)
LARGEST:
_____________________________________ (groups of organ systems working together)
C. HISTORY OF THE CELL AND THE CELL THEORY
MID 1600’s
But how did we come up with the idea that living things are made up of cells??!
1. ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
-First person to use a Simple (one lens) microscope to study nature.
-His simple microscope allowed him to see things that no one else had ever seen before.
-He discovered single celled organisms in pond water.
2. ROBERT HOOKE
-First person to use a Compound (two lens) microscope
-He examined thin slices of cork and other plant tissue.
-He observed that these tissues had 1,000’s of tiny chambers –He called these chambers
CELLS. Hooke coined the word CELL!
1800’s
1. Matthias Schleiden
-Concluded all plants are made up of cells.
2. Theodor Schwann
-Concluded all animals are made up of cells.
3. Rudolph Virchow
-Studied cell reproduction and the concept that new cells arise from pre-existing cells
*The discoveries of all of the above biologists led to: THE CELL THEORY
THE CELL THEORY STATES:
1. All living things are composed of at least one cell.
Unicellular Organisms: ____________ cell carries out ALL life functions for that organism!
Multicellular Organisms: ____________ cells help to carry out all the life functions for that organism.
-The levels of organization discussed above applies to multicellular organisms.
- Cells are ____________________________ and have specific jobs.
2. The cell is the simplest unit of life and is capable of carrying out life functions.
3. New cells come from pre-existing cells.
 It is amazing to think that the cells that make up our bodies are just as alive as we are. Humans are
just an intricately designed community of cells, which must work together to survive.