Download 2 Structural Adaptations How do different feet types aid in survival? 3

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 Behavioral
 An action that aids in survival
 Ex: building a nest, running faster than zombies
 Structural
 A body part that aids in survival
 Ex: fur, ducks feet, beaks
 Physiological
 Jobs of the body parts controlling life process that aid in
survival.
 Ex: Dolphins being able to hold their breath, warm blooded
animal creating heat, a bear’s metabolism slowing during
hibernation
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STRUCTURAL ADAPTATIONS
HOW DO DIFFERENT FEET
TYPES AID IN SURVIVAL?
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PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
Jobs of the body parts controlling life
process that aid in survival.
A bear’s body slows down in
the winter. This helps them
survive the long winter
temperature and scarce food
during winter months. Many
know this as hibernation.
Most bears do not sleep
through the entire winter.
They do get up and change
dens, so this is not true
hibernation, but a winter
sleep.
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BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATION
An action that aids in survival
Lions stay
together in a
pride. As a group
they can help
each other hunt,
care for young,
and watch for
danger.
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 Darwin explored the Galapagos Islands from April
through October 1835.
 Entire voyage of The Beagle: Dec 1831 - Oct 1836
 When and where he started thinking about what was
to become his theory of evolution by natural
selection.
 He did not publish his thoughts until the publication
of The Origin of Species in 1859.
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 Located approximately 1000km
from the coast of Ecuador, South
America.
 This is just a little closer than
the distance between Chicago
and Philadelphia.
 Mostly ground between the two U.S. cities.
 Mostly deep water between the
Galapagos Islands and the coast of South
America.
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NATURAL SELECTION
The process
whereby
organisms better
adapted to their
environment
tend to survive
and produce
more offspring
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NATURAL SELECTION: 2 STEP PROCESS
Step One: The Production of Variation. (Chance)
• Mutations
• Meiosis (a type of cell-splitting)
• Random mate selection & fertilization
Do we see variation within different wild species ?
Step Two: Non-random aspects of survival and reproduction
• Superior success of certain expressed traits (phenotypes)
• Nonrandom mate choice
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2 TYPES OF EVOLUTION
Microevolution – changes in the gene
(allele) frequencies in a population over a
short period of time (10’s, 100’s, or 1000’s of
years)
Macroevolution – changes in the gene
(allele) frequencies in a population over a
large amount of time (~10000’s or more
years) that essentially differentiates a
population from the rest of the species.
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Changes in the population are
due to 4 main mechanisms:
Mutation
Natural selection
Gene flow
Genetic drift
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RANDOM CHANGES TO THE DNA
ADDS
GENETIC DIVERSITY
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ORGANISMS BETTER ADAPTED TO
THEIR ENVIRONMENT TEND TO SURVIVE
REDUCES GENETIC
DIVERSITY
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MIGRATE AND
MIX TOGETHER
ADDS GENETIC
DIVERSITY
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RANDOM CHANCE
REDUCES
GENETIC DIVERSITY
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