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STIs CAN HAPPEN TO ANYONE! The STD clinic at Public Health offers free, confidential testing for STIs, treatment of STIs, counselling and HIV testing. If You Choose To Have Sex, Make It Safer: • When starting a new relationship, get tested with your partner for STIs and HIV. • Get tested if either you or your partner has sex with someone else. • Use latex condoms or dental dams for all sexual activity. • Avoid mixing alcohol or drugs with sexual activities. Drinking and sex are as dangerous as drinking and driving. • If you have had sex without a condom, get checked at the STD clinic or your doctor’s office. • DO NOT share needles. GUIDELINES FOR STI TREATMENT • If you think you have an STI or if you think your partner does, see a doctor or go to the clinic right away. • Follow the doctor’s instructions carefully. If a medication is ordered, take ALL of it at the times prescribed. Sexual Health Program Sexual Health Clinic (Waterloo) Region of Waterloo Public Health 99 Regina Street South, 2nd Floor Waterloo, ON Phone: 519-883-2267 Hours of Service Monday - Friday 8:30 - 4:30 p.m. Sexual Health Clinic (Cambridge) Region of Waterloo Public Health 150 Main Street, 1st Floor Cambridge, ON Phone: 519-740-5781 Hours of Service Monday - Friday 8:30 - 4:30 p.m. Call to make an appointment Call to make an appointment AIDS/STD Program STD Clinic (Waterloo) Region of Waterloo Public Health 99 Regina Street South, 2nd Floor Waterloo, ON Phone: 519-883-2251 Hours of Service Monday and Thursdays 2:30 - 6:30 p.m. STD Clinic (Cambridge) Region of Waterloo Public Health 150 Main Street, 1st Floor Cambridge, ON Phone: 519-883-2251 Hours of Service Tuesdays 3 - 5 p.m. Drop in clinic Drop in clinic • If you can not afford a medication, most can be received free by calling the STD clinic. • Don’t have sexual intercourse until seven days after you and your partner have finished the medication. • Inform your sexual partner(s) if you have an STI so they can be treated. Nurses at Region of Waterloo Public Health’s STD Clinic can do this for you, anonymously. All clinical and counselling services are free and confidential. No health card is required to receive services. www.region.waterloo.on.ca/ph SEXUAL HEALTH COMMON SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIs) Chlamydia Syphilis Genital Warts Gonorrhea Herpes Hepatitis B HIV/AIDS ALL STI’S LISTED GREATLY INCREASE YOUR RISK OF GETTING OR TRANSMITTING HIV. BE TESTED FOR HIV IF YOU HAVE ANY STI. INFECTION CHLAMYDIA FIRST SYMPTOMS 1-3 weeks (NGU, NSU) USUAL SYMPTOMS Most women (80%) and about half of men (50%) will not have symptoms. TRANSMISSIONS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT Passed through unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex. Swab, culture or urine. Curable with antibiotics. Women: If untreated, can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) - which can cause sterility; pain during intercourse or unusual bleeding. Passed through unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex. Swab, culture or urine. Curable with antibiotics. Women: PID and sterility. Men: Urethral narrowing, erection problems, and sterility. Babies: Serious eye infection, arthritis, pneumonia. Blood test. Curable with antibiotics if at an early stage. Women and Men: Brain damage, paralysis, heart disease, death. Babies: Eye damage, dental and bone deformities, blindness, brain damage or death. When symptoms occur: White, yellow or clear discharge from the penis or vagina, discomfort or burning when urinating. GONORRHEA 2-7 days Most women (80%) do not have symptoms. Most men (75-80%) will have symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they may include: white or yellow discharge from your penis, vagina or anus, pain or burning while urinating. Infections in throat usually do not have symptoms. SYPHILIS HERPES 1st stage (primary) 3 weeks (10-90 days) 1st stage – Painless blister or sore (chancre) on penis, anus, vagina, or mouth. 2nd stage (secondary) 3 months to 2 years 2nd stage – patchy rash on hands/feet, hair loss, sore throat, fever, headaches. 4 days to 3 weeks Many will not have symptoms. (Herpes Simplex) Can return throughout life When symptoms do occur, they may include: clusters of blisters/ pimples on genital area, swelling and itching, pain while urinating, swollen glands, and fever. COMPLICATIONS Can also be passed to an infant at birth if mother is infected. Direct contact with infectious sores, rashes, mucous patch or blood. Late stage complications cannot be reversed. Usually through direct contact with blisters or open sores, but can also be spread when no sores are present. Culture taken when sores are present. No cure. Anti-viral medications may reduce pain and duration of sores. Medications may also be taken to prevent outbreaks. Women and Men: Blisters often come back and are triggered by stress, sunlight, other illnesses, and drug/alcohol use. Infection may increase risk for getting another STIs. Babies: The virus can cause life-threatening infections. Can also be passed to an infant at birth if mother is infected. From as soon as 3 weeks up to years An HPV infection, alone, has no symptoms. But when HPV leads to genital warts, these look like flat or rough, raised bumps on genitals, anus, vagina, throat, or cervix. They may be itchy or irritated and may be in clusters. This infection that causes genital warts, HPV, can be passed through skin to skin contact involving the penis, scrotum, vagina, vulva, or anus, as well as the oral cavity. Visual exam. Genital warts are treated with a medical solution applied to warts or through medication. Multiple treatments are often necessary and recurrence is common. Women and Men: The immune system will eventually get rid of genital warts. Other types of HPV (not associated with genital warts) are linked to cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, oral, and laryngeal cancers. HEPATITIS B 6 weeks to 6 months Many will not have symptoms. When they occur, symptoms may include: yellowing of the skin/eyes, fever, swollen glands, fatigue, weakness, grey stool, dark urine, tenderness in liver area. Contact with blood or body fluids (sexual intercourse), sharing needles, razors, toothbrushes, etc. of an infected person. A pregnant woman can pass the virus to her child. Prevent Hepatitis B by getting vaccinated. Blood test. No cure. Get lots of rest, eat healthy food, and avoid alcohol. Women and Men: Most recover in 4-6 months with immunity for life. 1-2% die quickly from fatal liver damage. 10% become carriers; infectious for life. Long term liver damage may include scarring, cirrhosis & cancer. HIV From less than 1 year to 8 – 11 years Many will not have symptoms. When they occur, symptoms can include brief flu/viral-like symptoms, fatigue, swollen glands, night sweats, fever, weight loss, persistent cough, diarrhea. Sexual contact with infected blood, semen, vaginal secretions; sharing needles. Blood test. Note: HIV may not show up on a test for 14 weeks or longer after exposure to HIV. No cure. Healthy lifestyle of rest, nutrition and support. Early treatment with antiviral drugs or combinations to stabilize condition. Women and Men: AIDS is a life-threatening illness that leads to brain infections, memory loss, wasting, cancers and rare pneumonia. Pregnant woman: diagnosed with HIV, treatment will be started at 4 months. Newborns will be treated at birth and will be followed closely. GENITAL WARTS Caused by HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) Mother to infant during pregnancy, delivery or breastfeeding.