* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Common Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
Survey
Document related concepts
Herpes simplex virus wikipedia , lookup
Middle East respiratory syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS wikipedia , lookup
Trichinosis wikipedia , lookup
Herpes simplex wikipedia , lookup
Hospital-acquired infection wikipedia , lookup
Hepatitis B wikipedia , lookup
Schistosomiasis wikipedia , lookup
Hepatitis C wikipedia , lookup
Neonatal infection wikipedia , lookup
Coccidioidomycosis wikipedia , lookup
Leptospirosis wikipedia , lookup
Microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases wikipedia , lookup
Candidiasis wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Common Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) All STI’s listed greatly increase your risk of getting or transmitting HIV. Get tested for HIV if you have any STI. Infection First Usual symptoms symptoms Chlamydia (NGU, NSU) 1–3 weeks Most women (80%) and about half of men (50%) will not have symptoms. Transmissions Diagnosis Treatment Complications Passed through unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex. Swab, culture or urine. Curable with antibiotics. Women: If untreated, can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)—which can cause sterility; pain during intercourse or unusual bleeding. Passed through unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex. Swab, culture or urine. Curable with antibiotics. Women: PID and sterility. Blood test Curable with antibiotics if at an early stage. When symptoms occur: White, yellow or clear discharge from the penis or vagina, discomfort or burning when urinating. Gonorrhea 2–7 days Most women (80%) do not have symptoms. Most men (75–80%) will have symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they may include: white or yellow discharge from your penis, vagina or anus, pain or burning while urinating. Infections in throat usually do not have symptoms. Syphilis First stage (primary) 3 weeks (10–90 days) Second stage (secondary) 3 months to 2 years Herpes (Herpes Simplex) Genital warts Caused by HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) 4 days to 3 weeks Can return throughout life From as soon as 3 weeks up to years First stage—Painless blister or sore (chancre) on penis, anus, vagina, or mouth. Can also be passed to an infant at birth if mother is infected. Direct contact with infectious sores, rashes, mucous patch or blood. Late stage complications cannot be reversed. Second stage—patchy rash on hands/feet, hair loss, sore throat, fever, headaches. Many will not have symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they may include: clusters of blisters/ pimples on genital area, swelling and itching, pain while urinating, swollen glands, and fever. An HPV infection, alone, has no symptoms. But when HPV leads to genital warts, these look like flat or rough, raised bumps on genitals, anus, vagina, throat, or cervix. They may be itchy or irritated and may be in clusters. Men: Urethral narrowing, erection problems, and sterility. Babies: Serious eye infection, arthritis, pneumonia. Usually through direct contact with blisters or open sores, but can also be spread when no sores are present. Culture taken when sores are present. Can also be passed to an infant at birth if mother is infected. This infection that causes genital warts, HPV, can be passed through skin to skin contact involving the penis, scrotum, vagina, vulva, or anus as well as the oral cavity. No cure. Anti-viral medications may reduce pain and duration of sores. Medications may also be taken to prevent outbreaks. Women and Men: Brain damage, paralysis, heart disease, death. Babies: Eye damage, dental and bone deformities, blindness, brain damage or death. Women and Men: Blisters often come back and are triggered by stress, sunlight, other illnesses, and drug/ alcohol use. Infection may increase risk for getting other STIs. Babies: The virus can cause life-threatening infections Visual exam. Genital warts are treated with a medical solution applied to warts or through medication. Multiple treatments are often necessary and recurrence is common. Women and Men: The immune system will eventually get rid of genital warts. Other types of HPV (not associated with genital warts) are linked to cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, oral, and laryngeal cancers. next page Infection First Usual symptoms symptoms Transmissions Diagnosis Treatment Complications Hepatitis B 6 weeks to 6 months Many will not have symptoms. When they occur, symptoms may include: Yellowing of the skin/eyes, fever, swollen glands, fatigue, weakness, grey stool, dark urine, tenderness in liver area. Contact with blood or body fluids (sexual intercourse), sharing needles, razors, toothbrushes, etc. of an infected person. A pregnant woman can pass the virus to her child. Prevent Hepatitis B by getting vaccinated. Blood test. No cure. Get lots of rest, eat healthy food, and avoid alcohol. Women and Men: Most recover in 4–6 months with immunity for life. 1–2% die quickly from fatal liver damage. 10% become carriers; infectious for life. Long term liver damage may include scarring, cirrhosis and cancer. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) From less than 1 year to 8–11 years Many will not have symptoms. When they occur, symptoms can include brief flu/ viral-like symptoms, fatigue, swollen glands, night sweats, fever, weight loss, persistent cough, diarrhea. Sexual contact with infected blood, semen, vaginal secretions; sharing needles. Blood test. Note: HIV may not show up on a test for 14 weeks or longer after exposure to HIV. No cure. Healthy lifestyle of rest, nutrition and support. Early treatment with antiviral drugs or combinations to stabilize condition. Women and Men: AIDS is a life-threatening illness that leads to brain infections, memory loss, wasting, cancers and rare pneumonia. Mother to infant during pregnancy, delivery or breastfeeding. Pregnant woman: diagnosed with HIV, treatment will be started at 4 months. Newborns will be treated at birth and will be followed closely. STIs can happen to anyone! Guidelines for STI treatment The STD clinic at Public Health offers free, confidential testing for STIs, treatment of STIs, counselling and HIV testing. • If you think you have an STI or if you think your partner does, see a doctor or go to the clinic right away • Follow the doctor’s instructions carefully. If a medication is ordered, take ALL of it at the times prescribed • If you can not afford a medication, most can be received free by calling the STD clinic • Don’t have sexual intercourse until seven days after you and your partner have finished the medication • Inform your sexual partner(s) if you have an STI so they can be treated. Nurses at Region of Waterloo Public Health’s STD Clinic can do this for you, anonymously. For clinic times call 519-883-2267 No health card is required to receive services. If you choose to have sex, make it safer: • When starting a new relationship, get tested with your partner for STIs and HIV • Get tested if either you or your partner has sex with someone else • Use latex condoms or dental dams for all sexual activity • Avoid mixing alcohol or drugs with sexual activities. Drinking and sex are as dangerous as drinking and driving • If you have had sex without a condom, get checked at the STD clinic or your doctor’s office • DO NOT share needles Questions? Call the Region of Waterloo Public Health Sexual Health Program or your doctor. Scan this code with your smartphone for more information about sexual health clinics and services. January 2013 Region of Waterloo Public Health Sexual Health/Harm Reduction Program 519-883-2267 www.regionofwaterloo.ca/ph n 519-883-2000 n TTY 519-575-4608 n Fax 519-883-2241