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DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
IV Year (VII semester ‘B’ Sec)
ME6702 MECHATRONICS
UNIT – I MECHATRONICS, SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS
PART-A (2 marks)
1. What do you understand by signal conditioning?
A signal conditioning means manipulating an analog signal in such a way that it meets
the requirements of the next stage for further processing.
2. Give an example for a transducer and state its transduction principle.
Transducers are devices which convert an input one form of energy into an output
another form of energy.
For the example, a thermocouple is a transducer which converts changes in
temperature into a voltage.
3. Define mechatronics?
Mechatronics brings together the areas of technology involving sensors and
measurement system, drive and actuation system, analysis of behavior of the system,
control system and microprocessor system.
4. What are the main applications of mechatronics?
Automatic washing machines, Dish washers, Automatic Camera, ATM,
Photocopiers, Laser Printers, NC & CNC machine tools, Digital watch.
5. What are the key elements of mechatronics systems?
 Actuators and sensors
 Signals and conditioning
 Software and Data Acquisition system
 Digital Logic System
 Computers and Display Devices
Mr.P.SANTHOSH
AP/MECH
6. Differentiate between accuracy and precision of transducer with example.
S. No.
I
Ii
Accuracy
Precision
It refers to how closely the measured It denoted the smallest change in the
value agrees with value
measured variable which the instrument
responds
It has no unit
Some of its units are milli-meter per
micro-ampere, milli-meter per volts, etc.
7. What do you understand by the term static and dynamic characteristics of
transducers?
Static characteristics of a measurement system are, in general, those that must be
considered when the system or instrument is used to measure a condition not varying
with time.
Many measurements are concerned with rapidly varying quantities and therefore,
for such cases we must examine the dynamic relations which exist between the output
and the input.
8. Distinguish between open-loop and closed-loop control systems.
S. No.
i
ii
Iii
Iv
Open-loop
Open loop operation and does not
uses on a feedback to control the
operation of the system.
The effects of known disturbances
alone can be countered.
Less accurate.
Simple in construction.
Closed-loop
Closed loop operation using negative
feedback.
The effects of disturbances are countered
by virtue of negative feedback.
More accurate.
Complicated in construction.
9. What is LVDT?
The Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) is the most common mutual
inductance element. This can be considered to be a versatile transducer element for most
of the electromechanical measuring systems with regards to resolution, hysteresis,
dynamic response, temperature characteristics, linearity and life.
Mr.P.SANTHOSH
AP/MECH
10. Obtain the basic function of control system?
a. To minimize the Error between the actual and desired output
b. To minimize the time response to load changes in the system.
11. What is hysteresis?
Hysteresis is defined as the maximum differences in output for a given input when
this value is approached from the opposite direction. it is a phenomenon which shows the
different outputs when loading and unloading.
12. Based on Applications, the sensors are classified as
 Displacement sensor
 Pressure sensor
 Proximity sensor
 Flow sensor
 Level sensor
 Velocity sensor
 Temperature sensor
 Light sensor
13. What is potentiometer?
Basically a resistance potentiometer consists of a resistive element provided with a
sliding contact. The potentiometer is a passive transducer.
14. What are the uses of capacitive transducer?
 Can be used measurement of linear and angular displacement.
 Can be used for measurement of force and pressure.
 It can be used as pressure transducer.
 Measurement of humidity in gases.
15. What are the advantages of LVTD?
 High range and Low power consumption
 Friction and Isolation
 Immunity from external effects
 High input and high sensitivity
Mr.P.SANTHOSH
AP/MECH