Download Chapter07 - College of Business, UNR

CHAPTER SEVEN
Networks, Telecommunications, and Mobile
Technology
The Telecommunications Revolution
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It began with the deregulation of AT&T in 1986
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AT&T sold long distance
7 baby bells were formed
Since then, there has been much M & A activity
At this point, it was all POTS
Sprint was formed and sold long distance
MCI was formed and sold long distance
Natural gas pipeline companies and others selling
bandwidth
Cable TV is not just for television anymore
VOIP (Vonage, Skype and others)
Trends and Focus Items (1)
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From proprietary networks to open
systems
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TCP/IP
XML
From analog signals to digital
signals
From twisted pair and dialup to
broadband
Trends and Focus Items (2)
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From copper wires to fiber
Wireless, wireless, wireless
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There are different wireless standards
From dedicated connection to
packet-switched networks
Metcalfe’s Law
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The usefulness of a network equals
the square of the number of users
2,300,000,000(2,300,000,000 – 1)
The Internet Revolution
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The Internet changes everything
(Jeff Bezos – Amazon.com)
The Internet changes nothing (Len
Bosac - Cisco)
Key Terms (1)
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Telecommunication system enable the transmission of data
over public or private networks
Network - a communications, data
exchange, and resource-sharing
system created by linking two or
more computers and establishing
standards, or protocols, so that they
can work together
Network Equipment (The Basics)
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Network operating system to
manage network communications
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(Windows, Linux, etc…)
Most every OS is “network aware”
Hubs receive data and forward it to
all connected devices
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Minimal intelligence
Places significant traffic on the network
Reduces network traffic
Network Equipment (The Basics)
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Switches receive data and forward
it to the correct device
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More intelligence
Reduces network load over a hub
Note that hubs and switches
perform the same function
Routers connect two or more
networks together passing data
from one network to another
Network Equipment (The Basics)
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Software defined networking
move control functions from
specialized hardware in a software
application running on a computer
Key Terms (2)
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Local area network (LAN) - is designed
to connect a group of computers in close
proximity to each other such as in an office
building, a school, or a home.
Wide area network (WAN) - spans a
large geographic area, such as a state,
province, or country
Metropolitan area network (MAN) - a
large computer network usually spanning a
city
Key Terms (3)
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Virtual private network (VPN) a way to use the public
telecommunication infrastructure
(e.g., Internet) to provide secure
access to an organization’s network
Valued-added network (VAN) - a
private network, provided by a third
party, for exchanging information
through a high capacity connection
Internet Architecture
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Based in TCP/IP
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Each host as an IP address
Four octets from 0 to 255
Domain Name Service (DNS)
converts names to IP addresses
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
(SMTP) to move mail
Internet Architecture
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File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Short Message Service (SMS)
Telnet
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
And hundred of others
Internet Governance
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Nobody owns the thing
Several organizations define
protocols and architecture
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Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
The World Wide Web
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Pages are “marked up” using HTML
Pages are located via a URL
Pages are transferred via hHTTP
Search
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Search engine optimization
Search engine marketing
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We sell ads
Social send semantic search
narrows results
Web versions
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These are not physical versions but
general visions
Web 2.0
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Collaboration
Wikis
Social networking
Web 3.0
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The semantic web.
Voice Over IP
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Skype was one of the first
Vonage
AT&T and Cable providers
Cisco
Many companies use VOIP to
reduce telephony charges
Voice Over IP (Illustration)
Increasing the Speed of Business
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Bandwidth - is the difference
between the highest and the lowest
frequencies that can be transmitted
on a single medium, and it is a
measure of the medium's capacity
Types of Channels
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Physical
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Twisted pair 2MB to 100MB
Coax (Ethernet) 200MB to 500mb
Fiber 320+ GB
Wireless
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Microwave 200MB
Satellite 200+MB
Bluetooth (1MB)
Network Security
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Encryption
Dedicated (leased) lines
VPN
Mobility (Terms)
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Mobile means the technology can
travel with the user, but it is not
necessarily in real-time
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Hand-held devices that dock when the
user returns to the office
Wireless gives users a live
(Internet) connection via satellite or
radio transmitters
Mobility (Examples)
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FedEx and UPS hand-held devices
(real-time wireless connections)
Budweiser (Hand-held devices with
docking stations)
Season pass scanners
Cell Phones and PDAs
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In 10 years, the PC might be
obsolete
The iPhone
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A 25 billion dollar industry in apps
Bandwidth allows for the
convergence of voice, video, and
data
Cellular Service (Illustration)
The Cellular Revolution
Satellite Technologies
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They use microwaves
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Terrestrial microwaves
Geosynchronous satellites
Require line of sight
Good for remote locations
Slow upload speeds
Iridium http://www.iridium.com/
Global Positioning Systems
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24 satellites transmit constantly
Your GPS receives these signals and
triangulates your position
GPS Illustration
WiMAX
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Wide area wi-fi
Sprint, AT&T, Google
WiMAX cells can cover up to 3000
square miles
RFID
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This is a hot topic
My Heavenly ski pass has an RFID
tag
Retailers used RFID in certain items
for loss prevention
Use on shipping containers
Wal-Mart uses RFID on all palletized
shipments
Wynn uses them in it’s casino chips
RFID (Privacy Concerns)
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Imagine what I could learn with an
RFID tag embedded into your credit
card
RFID (Types)
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Active tags have their own power
source
Passive tags get power from the
RFID reader
Mobile Workforce Trends
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Social networking gets mobilized
Mobile TV
Multi-function devices become cheaper and
more versatile
Location-based services
Mobile advertising
Wireless providers move into home
entertainment
Wireless security moves to the forefront
Enterprise mobility