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Resistor
Resistors determine the flow of current in an
electrical circuit. Resistors are used for regulating
current and they resist the current flow and the
extent to which they do this is measured in ohms
(Ω). Resistors are found in almost every electronic
circuit.
Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)
When the light level is low the resistance of the
LDR is high. This prevents current from flowing to
the base of the transistors. Consequently the LED
does not light.
However, when light shines onto the LDR its
resistance falls and current flows into the base of
the first transistor and then the second transistor.
The LED lights.
Transistor
Transistors can be regarded as a type of switch,
as can many electronic components. They are
used in a variety of circuits and you will find that it
is rare that a circuit built in a school Technology
Department does not contain at least one transist
or.
Variable Resistor (Trim Pot)
The animations starts with a 4.67% resistance
level and reaches a resistance level of 28.33%. It
can go all the way up to 100% resistance, preven
ting current flow, in a circuit.
Diode
A diode allows electricity to flow in one direction
only and blocks the flow in the opposite direction.
They may be regarded as one-way valves and
they are used in various circuits, usually as a form
of protection.
Switch
Basically switches bring contacts together in
different ways but they do the same switching
job.
PCB
A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically
supports and electrically connects electronic
components using conductive tracks, pads and
other features etched from copper sheets
laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. PCBs
can be single sided (one copper layer), double
sided (two copper layers) or multi-layer (outer and
inner layers). Multi-layer PCBs allow for much
higher component density. Conductors on
different layers are connected with plated-through
holes called vias. Advanced PCBs may contain
components - capacitors, resistors or active
devices - embedded in the substrate.
Motor
When electricity is applied to the alliance it
interprets into Kinetic energy in a rotational force.
Popular components not used in the
robobug
Buzzer,dry reed switch, relay, amplifier.
Capacitor
A capacitor is composed of two conductors
separated by an insulating material called a
DIELECTRIC. The dielectric can be paper, plastic
film, ceramic, air or a vacuum.
Integrated Ciruit (IC)
A micro-switch (pressure pad) is used as one
input device and a dark sensing circuit as the
other. The AND gate has two inputs. If both are
activated - the dark sensor and the micro-switch the logic state of the output changes to high and
the motor releases food to the hungry dog.