Download has a poor blood supply

Anatomical Terms and Motions
I. Soft tissues
A. Muscles- the mechanical force to move bones
- has elastic properties, can stretch and return to normal shape
- has a large blood supply (red in color)- helps speed healing
- capable of getting larger by weight lifting
- tears most common in the middle
B. Ligaments- connect bone to bone
- stretch some, some elastic fibers
- has a poor blood supply
- weakest at the ends
C. Tendons- connect bone to muscle
- no flexibility (6-8% increase in length will cause tear)
- stronger than muscles
- has a poor blood supply
- weakest at ends
D. Cartilage- soft tissue located in the joint that either
protects the ends of bones or that cushions the bones.
- no blood supply
-do not heal
- not flexible
E. Fascia- thick fibrous tissue on the bottom of the foot
- no blood supply
II. Joints- the union of two or more bones
Movement depends upon:
- Shape of bone
- Ligament restrictions
- Muscle action
Types of joints
A. Hinge- preform only 2 motions (Flexion and extension)
B. Bi-axial- movement occurs over two axes- 4 motions
- thumb
C. Multi-axial- freely moveable joints
I. Ball and socket- rounded end of one bone fits in
the depression of another - shoulder-hip
II. Gliding- bones slide across each other- wrist, foot
III. Anatomical positions
A. Anterior- toward the front
B. Posterior- toward the back
C. Lateral- toward the outside
D. Medial- toward the middle or mid-line
E. Superior- above
F. Inferior- below
G. Proximal- end closest to the body
H. Distal- end furthest from the body
I. Supine- laying on your back
J. Prone- laying on your stomach
IV. Motions
A. Flexion- decrease the joint angle
B. Extension- increase the joint angle
C. Abduction- move away from the mid-line
D. Adduction- move toward the mid-line
E. Lateral flexion- move the mid-line side to side
F. Rotation- pivot a bone on it's axis (circular motion)
H. Internal Rotation- move the anterior part of joint inward
(Ball-s)
I. External rotation- move the anterior part of joint
outward(Ball-s)
J. Dorsiflexion- sole of foot upward
K. Plantarflexion- sole of the foot down
L. Inversion- sole of the foot turned in
M. Eversion- sole of the foot turned out