Download Cells Dictionary (Answers) Word Definition Carbohydrates Lipids

Cells Dictionary
(Answers)
Word
Carbohydrates
Definition
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Another way to say sugar
Provide organisms with energy and for structural support
Cellulose is found in plants and is used for support and
protection
Chitin is found in a crab’s shell
Lipids
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Another way to say fat
Makes steroids and waxes
Steroids occur naturally in the body as hormones
Fats are a good energy source
When we need energy, the body breaks down the fat
Ear wax is a type of wax the body creates
Nucleic Acids
RNA
(Ribonucleic Acid)
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Are building blocks of living organisms
Help to replicate cells and build proteins
Made up of 5 nucleotides: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
and uracil
DNA
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Stands for deoxyribonucleic acid
It holds the code for every cell in your body
Shape is called a double helix
DNA is the instruction manual for an organism
The order of our DNA determines what and who we are
Proteins
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Made of amino acids
All organisms need proteins
Used to repair muscle and tissues
Help organisms grow
Found in meat, fish, nuts and eggs
Enzymes
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Act as catalysts which help chemical reactions to occur in
our body
Act as a key which unlocks new substances
Word
Overview
(Organelle)
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Plant Cell Only
Definition
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Small parts of cells that perform different functions
Means little organ
The organelles are organized into the cell
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Keeps all pieces inside the cell
Acts like a plastic bag with tiny holes
Keeps bad things out and other stuff in (semi-permeable)
Some organelles have 2 membranes
The lipid bilayer helps makes up the cell membrane
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Provide a protective framework for plant cells to survive
Like placing a water balloon in a cardboard box
Made of special sugars called cellulose
Also helps the plant keep its shape
There are small holes in the cell wall to let nutrients and waste
pass through
Fungi and protozoa also have cell walls
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Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosomes
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Is the fluid that fills a cell and holds it together
Contains fatty acids, sugars and amino acids that are used to
keep the cell working
Helps to break down substances in the cell
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Acts as the brain of the cell
Helps to control eating, movement and reproduction
Contains DNA
Usually in the middle of the cell so that it does not get harmed
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Are the protein builders or synthesizers of the cell
Are like construction workers who build proteins one amino acid
at a time to form long chains
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Cells Dictionary Part 2
Word
Mitochondrion
Definition
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Chloroplasts
Plant
Cell
Only
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
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Golgi Complex
The powerhouses of the cell
They act like a digestive system that take in nutrients,
break them down and create energy for the cell
Are very small organelles (may be thousands in a cell)
Used in cellular respiration (makes energy)
Are the food producers in the plant cell
Contain chlorophyll, which uses the sun’s energy to create
sugar (GREEN)
This process is called photosynthesis
Acts as a packaging system
It creates a network of membranes found through the
whole cell
Smooth ER acts as a storage organelle
Rough ER packages proteins and sends them throughout
the cell to be used, or to be stored
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Another packaging organelle
Gathers simple molecules and combines them to make
molecules that are more complex
Also builds lysosomes
Vacuoles
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Are storage bubbles
Are much larger in plant cells than in animal cells
Store water, nutrients and waste products
Large vacuoles in plants help with support
Lysosomes
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In nearly all animal cells
Contain enzymes which help to digest substances in the
cell
They attach to the food, substance and release enzymes
which help break the matter down into things the cells can
use
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