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THE AZTEC EMPIRE (section 1) The Aztecs ruled a large empire in __________________________, which lasted about a __________________. THE AZTECS BUILD AN EMPIRE When the Aztecs migrated to ____________ Mexico all of the good _______________ was taken so they settles on an island in the middle of Lake __________________. They survived by hiring themselves out as skilled ______________________. ________ was the key factor in the rise of the Aztecs. As tribes were defeated they were forced to pay _________________, in the form of cotton, gold, or food. This was the basis of the Aztec __________________. The Aztecs also controlled ________________ within the region. Through war, tribute, and trade the Aztecs became the most powerful state in _________________________ during the 1500s. The Aztec capital was the city of _________________________________. As an __________________ in Lake Texcoco it was difficult to access. To access it the Aztecs built ___________________—raised roads across water—to connect the island to the shore. Undrinkable swamp water led the Aztecs to build _____________________ to bring fresh water to the city. To create more land for farming the Aztecs build floating gardens called _________________, which was a raft with soil on it. Tenochtitlan was the greatest city in the _____________________with huge _________________, a busy market, clean streets and a magnificent ___________________. It was one of the world’s largest cities with 200,000 people living there. CORTES CONQUERS THE AZTECS The soldiers who arrived from Spain, to explore new lands, search for gold, and spread the Catholic religion were called ________________________. _________________________ was a conquistador who arrived in the ___________________ to find _____________ and conquered the Aztec emperor, ________________, and the city of Tenochtitlan. There were FOUR factors (causes) that were vital (extremely important) in the Spanish victory over the Aztecs: CAUSES Cortes allied with tribes who disliked the Aztecs. A woman known as ______________ _______________ served as a guide and interpreter for _____________________ providing valuable information to the Spaniards. The Spanish used the region’s ________________ against the Aztecs. The Spanish _______________ blocked the causeways and water routes so the Aztecs could not receive supplies. Thousands of Aztecs died from __________________________. _______________ The Spanish had better armor, ___________________, ______________, and _________________. The Spanish brought diseases like __________________ to the Americas and Aztec _______________ immune systems could not defend against the new diseases. These four factors gave the Spanish a great advantage and when Tenochtitlan fell the Aztec Empire came to an end.