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THE ADOPTION OF PRECAUTION TOWARDS EMERGENT AND RECURRING INFECTIOUS DISEASES: THE CDC POINT OF VIEW D. Cardo, MD Atlanta, USA Infection control programs have been important in the control of emerging infections. Following the terrorist attacks in 2001, and the subsequent outbreaks of anthrax, healthcare facilities in the United States developed plans to address bioterrorism preparedness and response. In 2003, healthcare facilities were at the center of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak Corona virus that emerged in China and spread globally. Currently, healthcare facilities in several countries are developing plans and strategies for a potential pandemic influenza. Other emerging infections such as prions and multi-drug resistant bacteria also pose a challenge to healthcare facilities. The infection control issues to be addressed in response to natural or intentional infectious threats include preventing transmission among patients, healthcare personnel, and visitors; identifying persons who may be infected or exposed; providing treatment and prophylaxis; protecting the environment; and providing appropriate staffing.